High-tech internationalization touches on two aspects impacting entrepreneurship: openness of the economy and its level of innovativeness. Both of them might positively or negatively affect the process of new company creations, as suggested by the concept of entrepreneurial regime with creative destruction or by the concept of routinized regime with creative accumulation. The aim of the article is to assess the impact of high-tech internationalization on the start-up process of new company creation. Cluster analysis and panel modeling for European Union countries in 2009–2018 were conducted. The research results distinguish clusters of European Union countries with a different level of high-tech internationalization. The impact of high-tech internationalization on start-up rates is significant in the case of both clusters; however, it is stronger in the cluster of countries with a relatively higher level of high-tech international openness. The high-tech intra-EU import and extra-EU high-tech export negatively affect the rate of new enterprise creation in both clusters. Additionally, extra-EU import in clusters with a relatively higher level of high-tech internationalization also negatively impacts start-up rates. The only aspect supporting the start-up process is the level of intra-EU export in clusters with higher levels of high-tech internationalization. The results suggest that in European Union countries, creative accumulation is the dominant phenomenon.

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高科技领域的国际贸易——欧盟国家宏观层面启动过程的支持还是障碍？

高科技国际化涉及影响创业的两个方面：经济的开放性和创新水平。它们都可能对新公司的创建过程产生积极或消极的影响，正如具有创造性破坏的企业家制度概念或具有创造性积累的常规制度概念所暗示的那样。本文的目的是评估高科技国际化对新公司创建的启动过程的影响。2009-2018 年对欧盟国家进行了聚类分析和面板建模。研究结果区分了具有不同高科技国际化水平的欧盟国家集群。就两个集群而言，高科技国际化对启动率的影响都很大；然而，它在高科技国际开放程度相对较高的国家集群中更强。欧盟内高科技进口和欧盟外高科技出口对两个集群的新企业创建率产生负面影响。此外，在高科技国际化水平相对较高的集群中的欧盟外进口也会对启动率产生负面影响。支持启动过程的唯一方面是具有较高高科技国际化水平的集群的欧盟内部出口水平。结果表明，在欧盟国家，创造性积累是主要现象。欧盟内高科技进口和欧盟外高科技出口对两个集群的新企业创建率产生负面影响。此外，在高科技国际化水平相对较高的集群中的欧盟外进口也会对启动率产生负面影响。支持启动过程的唯一方面是具有较高高科技国际化水平的集群的欧盟内部出口水平。结果表明，在欧盟国家，创造性积累是主要现象。欧盟内高科技进口和欧盟外高科技出口对两个集群的新企业创建率产生负面影响。此外，在高科技国际化水平相对较高的集群中的欧盟外进口也会对启动率产生负面影响。支持启动过程的唯一方面是具有较高高科技国际化水平的集群的欧盟内部出口水平。结果表明，在欧盟国家，创造性积累是主要现象。