Carbon dioxide flush after rewetting of dried soils has been recommended as a promising soil health indicator, but it has not been related to most soil properties and crop yields. We evaluated the effect of cropping systems and N fertilization on CO₂ flushes at 1- (1dC) and 4-d incubations (4dC) after rewetting of dried soils and related to 54 soil physical, chemical, and biological properties and annualized crop yields in two long-term experimental sites in eastern Montana (USA). Treatments included till and no-till spring wheat (Triticum aestiveum L.), pea (Pisum sativum L.), and fallow rotations with and without N fertilization. Carbon dioxide flushes were lower in till crop–fallow than in no-till continuous cropping systems at both sites. The 1dC was correlated to 5 soil physical, 7 chemical, and 12 biological properties, and 4dC was correlated to 9 physical, 8 chemical, and 11 biological properties in Froid. In Sidney, 1dC was correlated to 10 physical, 13 chemical, and 9 biological properties, and 4dC was correlated to 7 physical, 11 chemical, and 2 biological properties (1–8 moderately, 18–21 strongly, and 1–3 very strongly related). Carbon dioxide flushes were also related to mean annualized crop yields in both sites, except for the relationship between 4dC and crop yield in Sidney. Because of its stronger relationship with soil properties and crop yields, 1dC after rewetting of dried soils determined by using the infrared gas analyzer can be used as a simple, rapid, reliable, and inexpensive indicator of measuring soil health in dryland cropping systems.

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二氧化碳冲刷作为与土壤特性和作物产量相关的土壤健康指标

干燥土壤再润湿后的二氧化碳冲洗已被推荐为有希望的土壤健康指标，但它与大多数土壤特性和作物产量无关。我们评估了耕作系统和施氮对干燥土壤再润湿后 1- (1dC) 和 4-d 孵化 (4dC) 的CO ₂冲刷的影响，并与 54 种土壤物理、化学和生物特性以及年化作物产量有关。位于美国蒙大拿州东部的两个长期实验点。处理包括耕种和免耕春小麦 ( Triticum aestiveum L.)、豌豆 ( Pisum sativumL.)，以及施肥和不施氮的休耕轮作。在这两个地点，耕作休耕的二氧化碳冲刷量低于免耕连作系统。1dC 与 5 个土壤物理性质、7 个化学性质和 12 个生物学性质相关，4dC 与 Froid 的 9 个物理性质、8 个化学性质和 11 个生物学性质相关。在悉尼，1dC 与 10 个物理特性、13 个化学特性和 9 个生物特性相关，4dC 与 7 个物理特性、11 个化学特性和 2 个生物特性相关（1-8 中度，18-21 强烈，1-3 非常强烈）有关的）。除了 4dC 与悉尼的作物产量之间的关系外，二氧化碳冲刷还与两个地点的平均年化作物产量有关。由于它与土壤性质和作物产量的关系更强，