ABSTRACT

Topographical disorientation is the impairment or inability to successfully navigate in three-dimensional space. Differing topographical disorientation syndromes have been associated with distinct lesion sites in the acquired brain injury (ABI) literature. This meta-analysis attempted to investigate the relationship between lesion location and dysfunctions in specific navigational abilities resulting in topographical disorientation in individuals with ABI, as measured by their performance on experimental and neuropsychological tests. It was expected that focal lesions would be associated with a specific navigational deficit in one ability, with relative sparing of other navigational abilities. Twenty-six papers met the inclusion criteria for the analysis. Results indicated that ABI populations performed worse on all measures of navigation, with moderate to large effect sizes. Dysfunctions in three core navigational skills were consistent with the available lesion studies: a feature/landmark processing unit, a spatial processing unit, and a spatial/feature binding and associative learning unit. A sequential processing model was created to attempt to best represent the transfer of information between these units and the process by which navigational knowledge is generated. The model was then used to assess the validity of existing models of navigation and topographical disorientation.

摘要

地形迷失是在三维空间中成功导航的障碍或无法。在获得性脑损伤 (ABI) 文献中，不同的地形定向障碍综合征与不同的病变部位有关。该荟萃分析试图调查病变位置与导致 ABI 个体地形定向障碍的特定导航能力障碍之间的关系，这是通过他们在实验和神经心理学测试中的表现来衡量的。预计局灶性病变将与一种能力的特定导航缺陷相关，而其他导航能力相对保留。26篇论文符合分析的纳入标准。结果表明 ABI 种群在所有导航测量中的表现都较差，具有中到大的效应量。三个核心导航技能的功能障碍与可用的病变研究一致：特征/地标处理单元、空间处理单元以及空间/特征绑定和联想学习单元。创建了一个顺序处理模型，以试图最好地表示这些单元之间的信息传递以及生成导航知识的过程。然后使用该模型来评估现有导航和地形迷失方向模型的有效性。创建了一个顺序处理模型，以试图最好地表示这些单元之间的信息传递以及生成导航知识的过程。然后使用该模型来评估现有导航和地形迷失方向模型的有效性。创建了一个顺序处理模型，以试图最好地表示这些单元之间的信息传递以及生成导航知识的过程。然后使用该模型来评估现有导航和地形迷失方向模型的有效性。