Abstract Smart grids (SGs) deployments have made power systems operation more efficient by the application of distributed computing schemes in grids’ interoperation. However, these schemes have triggered various security issues which are growing to be of major concerns. Physical attacks, cyber-attacks or natural disasters are major notable form of threats to SGs deployment which could lead to infrastructural failure, blackouts, energy theft, customer privacy breach, endangered safety of operating personnel, etc. Hence, the need to critically examine the security issues aimed at preventing possible threats or failures. In this review, various security challenges and threats are discussed with respect to their possible sources of occurrence. These threats are then classified and a framework for achieving more secured SGs is suggested.

中文翻译：

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智能电网安全挑战：按威胁来源分类

摘要 智能电网（SGs）部署通过分布式计算方案在电网互操作中的应用提高了电力系统的运行效率。然而，这些计划引发了各种安全问题，这些问题正日益成为主要关注点。物理攻击、网络攻击或自然灾害是对 SGs 部署的主要威胁形式，可能导致基础设施故障、停电、能源盗窃、客户隐私泄露、操作人员的安全受到威胁等。 因此，需要仔细检查旨在防止可能的威胁或故障的安全问题。在本次审查中，就各种安全挑战和威胁的可能发生源进行了讨论。然后对这些威胁进行分类，并建议一个实现更安全 SG 的框架。