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Mineralogical and Chemical Characterization of Settleable Dustfall in Sulaimani City, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Soil Science Pub Date : 2018-10-01 , DOI: 10.1097/ss.0000000000000230
Salih N. Majid , Jabbar K. Kassim

ABSTRACT Airborne particulate matter has now become an important global environmental issue because of its many diverse effects on overall health and environmental degradation. Because of its unique complexity, solutions to this problem are challenging. The main objectives of this study were to assess the mineralogical composition and selected chemical properties of atmospheric settleable particulate materials from 15 locations in Sulaimani City, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, sampled between August 2009 and March 2010. In addition, representative samples from a heavy dust storm that affected the region on February 22, 2010, were collected from 3 locations within the city. Organic carbon, total carbonate (CaCO3 equivalent), and total free iron contents, along with pH, were determined in all samples. Mineralogical analysis of the collected samples was performed by x-ray diffraction. Carbonates made up the largest fraction of the identified minerals and were predominantly in an active form. The following abundant minerals occurred in all the studied dust samples in decreasing amounts: calcite, clay minerals, quartz, feldspar, and dolomite. The clay fraction was composed (in descending order of abundance) of palygorskite, illite, muscovite, chlorite, and smectite. Samples from the dust storm event contained gypsum minerals that were not present in the other samples and had the highest percentage of dolomite of all samples, indicating that settleable particulate matter from the meteorological dust storm had a different source than local dust.

中文翻译:

伊拉克库尔德斯坦地区苏莱曼尼市可沉降粉尘的矿物和化学特征

摘要 空气中的颗粒物现在已成为一个重要的全球环境问题,因为它对整体健康和环境退化有多种影响。由于其独特的复杂性,该问题的解决方案具有挑战性。本研究的主要目的是评估 2009 年 8 月至 2010 年 3 月期间在伊拉克库尔德斯坦地区苏莱曼尼市 15 个地点采样的大气可沉降颗粒材料的矿物组成和选定的化学性质。此外,来自重尘的代表性样品2010 年 2 月 22 日影响该地区的风暴是从该市的 3 个地点收集的。在所有样品中都测定了有机碳、总碳酸盐(CaCO3 当量)和总游离铁含量以及 pH 值。通过 X 射线衍射对收集的样品进行矿物学分析。碳酸盐构成了已识别矿物的最大部分,并且主要以活性形式存在。在所有研究的尘埃样品中,以下丰富的矿物以递减的方式出现:方解石、粘土矿物、石英、长石和白云石。粘土部分由坡缕石、伊利石、白云母、绿泥石和绿土组成(按丰度降序排列)。来自沙尘暴事件的样本含有其他样本中不存在的石膏矿物质,并且在所有样本中白云石的百分比最高,这表明气象沙尘暴中的可沉降颗粒物质与当地沙尘的来源不同。碳酸盐构成了已识别矿物的最大部分,并且主要以活性形式存在。在所有研究的尘埃样品中,以下丰富的矿物以递减的方式出现:方解石、粘土矿物、石英、长石和白云石。粘土部分由坡缕石、伊利石、白云母、绿泥石和绿土组成(按丰度降序排列)。来自沙尘暴事件的样本含有其他样本中不存在的石膏矿物质,并且在所有样本中白云石的百分比最高,这表明气象沙尘暴中的可沉降颗粒物与当地沙尘的来源不同。碳酸盐构成了已识别矿物的最大部分,并且主要以活性形式存在。在所有研究的尘埃样品中,以下丰富的矿物以递减的方式出现:方解石、粘土矿物、石英、长石和白云石。粘土部分由坡缕石、伊利石、白云母、绿泥石和绿土组成(按丰度降序排列)。来自沙尘暴事件的样本含有其他样本中不存在的石膏矿物质,并且在所有样本中白云石的百分比最高,这表明气象沙尘暴中的可沉降颗粒物质与当地沙尘的来源不同。粘土部分由坡缕石、伊利石、白云母、绿泥石和绿土组成(按丰度降序排列)。来自沙尘暴事件的样本含有其他样本中不存在的石膏矿物质,并且在所有样本中白云石的百分比最高,这表明气象沙尘暴中的可沉降颗粒物质与当地沙尘的来源不同。粘土部分由坡缕石、伊利石、白云母、绿泥石和绿土组成(按丰度降序排列)。来自沙尘暴事件的样本含有其他样本中不存在的石膏矿物质,并且在所有样本中白云石的百分比最高,这表明气象沙尘暴中的可沉降颗粒物质与当地沙尘的来源不同。
更新日期:2018-10-01
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