At tidal inlets, large amounts of water are exchanged with the adjacent sea during the tidal cycle.The residual flows, the net effect of ebb and flood, are generally small compared with the gross flux;they vary in magnitude and sign from one tidal period to the other; and their long-term mean variesfrom year to year. Here, we focus on the temporal variability of the residual flows in the Marsdieptidal inlet, which is the western-most inlet of the Wadden Sea, a tidal lagoon along the coasts of theNetherlands, Germany, and Denmark. We compare the transport from a high-resolution numericalmodel with the transport from velocity profile data collected beneath a ferry that crosses the inletdaily. The comparison works in two ways: for the areas and times covered by the measurements, thedata serve to validate the model, and conversely, the model is employed to assess the consequencesof spatial and temporal gaps in the data. Modeled and observed transports over the region of theflow that is covered by the acoustic Doppler current profiler are in good agreement for gross andresidual quantities. Results indicate that uncertainties due to spatial gaps can be overcome with asimple extrapolation approach applied to the velocity profiles, whereas uncertainties due to temporalgaps are more problematic and leave large discrepancies in the residuals.

中文翻译：

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从观测和数值模型推断的 Marsdiep 潮汐入口的残余水输送

在潮汐入口处，在潮汐周期中，大量的水与邻近的海洋交换。剩余流量，潮汐和洪水的净效应，与总通量相比通常很小；它们的大小和符号从一个潮汐周期开始变化给对方；它们的长期平均值每年都不同。在这里，我们重点关注 Marsdieptidal 入口残留流量的时间变化，该入口是瓦登海最西端的入口，是沿荷兰、德国和丹麦海岸的潮汐泻湖。我们将来自高分辨率数值模型的传输与来自每天穿过入口的渡轮下方收集的速度剖面数据的传输进行比较。比较以两种方式进行：对于测量覆盖的区域和时间，数据用于验证模型，反之，该模型用于评估数据中空间和时间差距的后果。由声学多普勒电流剖面仪覆盖的流动区域上的建模和观察到的传输对于总量和残余量非常一致。结果表明，空间间隙引起的不确定性可以通过应用于速度剖面的简单外推方法来克服，而时间间隙引起的不确定性更成问题，并在残差中留下很大差异。