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The Tale of the Tailor: Munshi Mohammad Meherullah and Muslim–Christian Apologetics in Bengal, 1885–1907
South Asian Studies ( IF 0.5 ) Pub Date : 2017-07-03 , DOI: 10.1080/02666030.2017.1354483
Mou Banerjee 1
Affiliation  

Rural Muslim atrap communities in the eastern part of the colonial Bengal Presidency were the target demographic ofChristian conversion efforts in the last decades of the nineteenth century. Debates (bahas) between Muslim preachers and Christian missionaries, as well as religious meetings (waz mahfils), characterized these apologetics. Disseminated through street-market chapbooks in Musalmani-Bengali or dobashi Bengali, such polemics translated the cultural valences of Christianity and Islam both as personal faith and as communitarian identifying markers. In this paper, I analyze a selection of such pamphlets authored by an itinerant tailor called Munshi Meherullah, who spearheaded the atrap Bengali reaction against missionary efforts. Meherullah understood that the theological debates between Christian missionaries and Muslim alims was colonially and racially inflected and pre-determined, and the very act of engagement in apologetics was merely a performance of social, racial and theological superiority. As this paper exhibits, Meherullah’s distinctive approach towards social reform, religion and religious identity played a very important role in defining the parameters of being a good Bengali Muslim. Religious conversion, as a result of his intervention, became a techne, a phronetic device that operated in excess of the real boundaries of its perceived threats, to enable self-examination and analysis of their immediate social milieu for Bengal’s Muslims, in order to resist colonial religious and political subordination.

中文翻译:

裁缝的故事:孟希·穆罕默德·梅赫鲁拉和孟加拉的穆斯林-基督教护教学,1885-1907

在 19 世纪最后几十年,孟加拉殖民总统府东部的农村穆斯林陷阱社区是基督教皈依努力的目标人群。穆斯林传教士和基督教传教士之间的辩论 (bahas) 以及宗教会议 (waz mahfils) 是这些护教学的特征。通过街头市场小册子以 Musalmani-Bengali 或 dobashi 孟加拉语传播,这种论战将基督教和伊斯兰教的文化价值转化为个人信仰和社区识别标记。在这篇论文中,我分析了由一位名叫 Munshi Meherullah 的流动裁缝撰写的精选小册子,他是孟加拉语对传教工作的反抗的先锋。梅赫鲁拉明白,基督教传教士和穆斯林信徒之间的神学辩论是受殖民和种族影响和预先决定的,而参与护教学的行为本身只是社会、种族和神学优势的表现。正如本文所展示的,Meherullah 对社会改革、宗教和宗教认同的独特方法在定义成为一名优秀的孟加拉穆斯林的参数方面发挥了非常重要的作用。由于他的干预,宗教皈依变成了一种技术,一种超越其感知威胁的真实边界运作的语音设备,使孟加拉穆斯林能够自我检查和分析他们的直接社会环境,以抵抗殖民地宗教和政治从属。参与护教学的行为仅仅是社会、种族和神学优越性的表现。正如本文所展示的,Meherullah 对社会改革、宗教和宗教认同的独特方法在定义成为一名优秀的孟加拉穆斯林的参数方面发挥了非常重要的作用。由于他的干预,宗教皈依变成了一种技术,一种超越其感知威胁的真实边界运作的语音设备,使孟加拉穆斯林能够自我检查和分析他们的直接社会环境,以抵抗殖民地宗教和政治从属。参与护教学的行为仅仅是社会、种族和神学优越性的表现。正如本文所展示的,Meherullah 对社会改革、宗教和宗教认同的独特方法在定义成为一名优秀的孟加拉穆斯林的参数方面发挥了非常重要的作用。由于他的干预,宗教皈依变成了一种技术,一种超越其感知威胁的真实边界运作的语音设备,使孟加拉穆斯林能够自我检查和分析他们的直接社会环境,以抵抗殖民地宗教和政治从属。宗教和宗教身份在定义成为一名优秀的孟加拉穆斯林的参数方面发挥了非常重要的作用。由于他的干预,宗教皈依变成了一种技术,一种超越其感知威胁的真实边界运作的语音设备,使孟加拉穆斯林能够自我检查和分析他们的直接社会环境,以抵抗殖民地宗教和政治从属。宗教和宗教身份在定义成为一名优秀的孟加拉穆斯林的参数方面发挥了非常重要的作用。由于他的干预,宗教皈依变成了一种技术,一种超越其感知威胁的真实边界运作的语音设备,使孟加拉穆斯林能够自我检查和分析他们的直接社会环境,以抵抗殖民地宗教和政治从属。
更新日期:2017-07-03
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