Microwave-assisted synthesis of dibutyl maleate was carried out with heterogeneous catalyst, Amberlyst-15. Effect of process parameters such as mole ratio, reaction temperature, catalyst loading, and molecular sieves on the conversion was reported using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Reaction conversion of 62.6% was achieved at optimum parameters of 1:3 acid to alcohol mole ratio, 5.5% (w/w) catalyst loading, 70°C temperature, and 6% (w/w) molecular sieves for reaction time of 60 min. The optimum parameters based on RSM were 1:3.14 acid to alcohol mole ratio, catalyst loading 5.35% (w/w), 77.19°C, and 64.77% predicted conversion. Pseudo- Homogeneous (PH), Eley Rideal (ER), and Langmuir Hinshelwood Hougen Watson (LHHW) models were used to fit experimental kinetic data. Studies revealed that the Eley-Rideal model suited the experimental data. The activation energy of the esterification reaction was calculated as 10.17 kJ/mol. Gibbs free activation energy (ΔG‡), enthalpy of activation (ΔH‡), and entropy of activation (ΔS‡) were evaluated.

使用多相催化剂Amberlyst-15 进行微波辅助合成马来酸二丁酯。使用响应面方法 (RSM) 报告了工艺参数（例如摩尔比、反应温度、催化剂负载和分子筛）对转化率的影响。在 1:3 酸与醇摩尔比、5.5% (w/w) 催化剂负载、70°C 温度和 6% (w/w) 分子筛的最佳参数下，反应转化率为 62.6%，反应时间为 60分钟 基于 RSM 的最佳参数为 1:3.14 酸醇摩尔比、催化剂负载 5.35% (w/w)、77.19°C 和 64.77% 预测转化率。伪均质 (PH)、Eley Rideal (ER) 和 Langmuir Hinshelwood Hougen Watson (LHHW) 模型用于拟合实验动力学数据。研究表明，Eley-Rideal 模型适合实验数据。酯化反应的活化能计算为10.17 kJ/mol。评估了吉布斯自由活化能 (ΔG‡)、活化焓 (ΔH‡) 和活化熵 (ΔS‡)。