Association of short-term fine particulate matter exposure with pulmonary function in populations at intermediate to high-risk of cardiovascular disease: A panel study in three Chinese cities,Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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Association of short-term fine particulate matter exposure with pulmonary function in populations at intermediate to high-risk of cardiovascular disease: A panel study in three Chinese cities
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety ( IF 6.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-08 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112397
Han Ma ₁ , Fangchao Liu ₁ , Xueli Yang ₂ , Qiong Liu ₁ , Xinyan Wang ₃ , Xiaolong Xing ₁ , Zhennan Lin ₁ , Jie Cao ₁ , Jianxin Li ₁ , Keyong Huang ₁ , Weili Yan ₄ , Tingting Liu ₅ , Meng Fan ₆ , Shufeng Chen ₁ , Xiangfeng Lu ₁ , Dongfeng Gu ₇ , Jianfeng Huang ₁

Affiliation

Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China.
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China; Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics, Tianjin 300100, China.
Department of Clinical Epidemiology & Clinical Trial Unit, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201100, China.
Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China; School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.

Background

Decline in pulmonary function contributes to increasing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Although adverse effects of short-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) on pulmonary function have been recognized in healthy people or patients with respiratory disease, these results were not well illustrated among people with elevated CVD risk.

Materials and methods

A panel study was conducted in three Chinese cities with three repeated visits among populations at intermediate to high-risk of CVD, defined as treated hypertension patients or those with blood pressure ≥ 130/80 mmHg, who met any of the three conditions including abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus. Individualized PM_2.5 exposure and pulmonary function were measured during each seasonal visit. Linear mixed-effect models were applied to analyze the associations of PM_2.5 concentrations with pulmonary function indicators, including forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV₁), FEV₁/forced vital capacity (FVC), maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMF), and peak expiratory flow (PEF).

Results

Short-term PM_2.5 exposure was significantly associated with decreased pulmonary function and an increment of 10 μg/m³ in PM_2.5 concentrations during lag 12–24 hour was associated with declines of 41.7 ml/s (95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.7–75.7), 0.35% (95% CI: 0.01, 0.69), and 20.9 ml/s (95% CI: 0.5–41.3) for PEF, FEV₁/FVC, and MMF, respectively. Results from stratified and sensitivity analyses were generally similar with the overall findings, while the adverse effects of PM_2.5 on pulmonary functions were more pronounced in those who were physically inactive.

Conclusions

This study first identified short-term exposure to PM_2.5 was associated with impaired pulmonary function and physical activity might attenuate the adverse effects of PM_2.5 among populations at intermediate to high-risk of CVD. These findings provide new robust evidence on health effects of air pollution and call for effective prevention measures among people at CVD risk.

更新日期：2021-06-09

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