All quantum systems are subject to noise and imperfections due to stray fields, inhomogeneities or drifting experimental controls. An understanding of the effects of noise and decoherence is critical to the progress towards fully functional quantum devices. In this perspective, we focus on noise in quantum systems which are modelled by a dynamic stochastic parameter in the Hamiltonian. We will outline exact evolution equations describing the ensemble average dynamics for a variety of common noise types and their connections. We will also highlight an approximate evolution equation valid in the weak noise limit for an arbitrary classical stochastic field. This framework should serve as a starting point for identifying signatures of differing noise types and optimisation of robust control protocols.

由于杂散场、不均匀性或漂移实验控制，所有量子系统都会受到噪声和缺陷的影响。了解噪声和退相干的影响对于实现全功能量子设备的进展至关重要。从这个角度来看，我们专注于由哈密顿量中的动态随机参数建模的量子系统中的噪声。我们将概述描述各种常见噪声类型及其连接的整体平均动态的精确演化方程。我们还将强调在任意经典随机场的弱噪声极限下有效的近似演化方程。该框架应作为识别不同噪声类型特征和优化稳健控制​​协议的起点。