We propose to use transverse momentum p _T distribution of J/ψ production at the future Electron Ion Collider (EIC) to explore the production mechanism of heavy quarkonia in high energy collisions. We apply QCD and QED collinear factorization to the production of a pair at high p _T, and non-relativistic QCD factorization to the hadronization of the pair to a J/ψ. We evaluate J/ψ p _T-distribution at both leading and next-to-leading order in strong coupling, and show that production rates for various color-spin channels of a pair in electron-hadron collisions are very different from that in hadron-hadron collisions, which provides a strong discriminative power to determine various transition rates for the pair to become a J/ψ. We predict that the J/ψ produced in electron-hadron collisions is likely unpolarized, and the production is an ideal probe for gluon distribution of colliding hadron (or nucleus). We find that the J/ψ production is dominated by the color-octet channel, providing an excellent probe to explore the gluon medium in large nuclei at the EIC.

我们建议在未来的电子离子对撞机（EIC）上利用J / ψ产生的横向动量p _T分布来探索重夸克尼亚在高能碰撞中的产生机制。我们将 QCD 和 QED 共线分解应用于高p _T对的产生，并将非相对论 QCD 分解应用于将对的强子化为J / ψ。我们评估了强耦合中领先和次领先顺序的J / ψ p _T分布，并表明不同颜色自旋通道的产率 电子-强子碰撞中的对与强子-强子碰撞中的对非常不同，这为确定对成为J / ψ的各种跃迁速率提供了强大的判别力。我们预测电子-强子碰撞中产生的J / ψ可能是非极化的，该产生是碰撞强子（或原子核）胶子分布的理想探针。我们发现J / ψ产生主要由颜色八位字节通道控制，为在 EIC 探索大核中的胶子介质提供了极好的探针。