We report the results of experiments on implementing individually addressable one-qubit quantum gates on a microwave transition with two ⁸⁷Rb atoms in two optical dipole traps. Addressing is carried out using additional focused laser light, which results in a differential light shift of the microwave transition frequency. In the absence of addressing in each of the atoms, Rabi oscillations are obtained on the microwave clock transition 5S_1/2 (F = 2, m_F = 0) → 5S_1/2(F = 1, m_F = 0) between two working levels of qubits with a frequency of up to 5.1 kHz, a contrast up to 98 %, and a coherence time up to 4 ms. When addressing is turned on, the probability of a microwave transition in the addressed atom is suppressed to an average value of less than 5 %. The Rabi oscillations remaining in the other atom have the same contrast and correspond to the implementation of individually addressable basic one-qubit quantum operations (Hadamard gate and NOT gate) from different initial states of a qubit with an average fidelity of 92% 3 %. After renormalising this fidelity to the error in the preparation and measurement of quantum states of qubits, an estimate of 97% 3% is obtained for the fidelity of individual qubit rotations.

我们报告了在两个光偶极陷阱中使用两个⁸⁷ Rb 原子在微波跃迁上实现单独可寻址的一个量子位量子门的实验结果。寻址是使用额外的聚焦激光进行的，这会导致微波跃迁频率的不同光移。在每个原子中没有寻址的情况下，在微波时钟跃迁 5S _1/2 ( F = 2, m _F = 0) → 5S _1/2 ( F = 1, m _F = 0) 在频率高达 5.1 kHz、对比度高达 98 % 和相干时间高达 4 ms 的两个工作级量子位之间。当寻址打开时，被寻址原子中微波跃迁的概率被抑制到小于 5% 的平均值。保留在另一个原子中的 Rabi 振荡具有相同的对比度，对应于从一个量子位的不同初始状态实现可单独寻址的基本单量子位量子操作（哈达玛门和非门），平均保真度为 92% 3%。在将这种保真度重新归一化为准备和测量量子位量子态的误差后，单个量子位旋转的保真度估计为 97% 3%。