Recent 1D core-collapse simulations indicate a nonmonotonicity of the explodability of massive stars with respect to their precollapse core masses, which is in contrast to commonly used prescriptions. In this work, we explore the implications of these results on the formation of coalescing black hole (BH)–neutron star (NS) binaries. Furthermore, we investigate the effects of natal kicks and the NS’s radius on the synthesis of such systems and potential electromagnetic counterparts (EMCs) linked to them. Models based on 1D core-collapse simulations result in a BH–NS merger detection rate ( ∼ 2.3 yr⁻¹), 5–10 times larger than the predictions of “standard” prescriptions. This is primarily due to the formation of low-mass BHs via direct collapse, and hence no natal kicks, favored by the 1D simulations. The fraction of observed systems that will produce an EMC, with the supernova engine from 1D simulations, ranges from 2% to 25%, depending on the NS equation of state. Notably, in most merging systems with EMCs, the NS is the first-born compact object, as long as the NS’s radius is ≲ 12 km. Furthermore, models with negligible kicks for low-mass BHs increase the detection rate of GW190426_152155-like events to ∼ 0.6 yr⁻¹, with an associated probability of EMC ≤10% for all supernova engines. Finally, models based on 1D core-collapse simulations predict a ratio of BH–NSs to binary BHs’ merger rate density that is at least twice as high as other prescriptions, but at the same time overpredicting the measured local merger density rate of binary black holes.

最近的一维核心坍缩模拟表明大质量恒星的爆炸性相对于它们坍缩前核心质量的非单调性，这与常用的规定相反。在这项工作中，我们探讨了这些结果对聚结黑洞 (BH)-中子星 (NS) 双星形成的影响。此外，我们研究了出生踢和 NS 半径对此类系统和与之相关的潜在电磁对应物 (EMC) 合成的影响。基于一维核心坍塌模拟的模型导致 BH-NS 合并检测率（~2.3 年^-1)，比“标准”处方的预测大 5-10 倍。这主要是由于通过直接坍缩形成了低质量的 BH，因此没有 1D 模拟所支持的初生踢。根据 NS 状态方程，观察到的系统将产生 EMC 的比例，以及来自 1D 模拟的超新星引擎，范围从 2% 到 25%。值得注意的是，在大多数具有 EMC 的合并系统中，只要 NS 的半径为 ≲ 12 km，NS 是第一个诞生的紧凑物体。此外，对于低质量 BHs 的踢腿可以忽略不计的模型将 GW190426_152155 类事件的检测率提高到 ~ 0.6 yr ^-1，所有超新星引擎的 EMC 概率≤10%。最后，基于一维岩心塌陷模拟的模型预测 BH-NSs 与二元 BHs 合并率密度的比率至少是其他规定的两倍，但同时高估了测得的二元黑局部合并密度率孔。