Forests are subject to a range of management practices but it is unclear which produce the most rapid rates of regrowth across heterogeneous moisture gradients produced by regional climate and complex terrain. We analyzed recovery rates of satellite derived net primary productivity (NPP) over 27 years for 26 069 individual silvicultural treatments (stands) across the western U.S. at a 30 m resolution. Rates of NPP recovery and forest regrowth were on average 116% higher in wet landscapes with lower annual climatic water deficits (8.59 5.07 gC m⁻² yr⁻², median inter-quartile range) when compared to dry landscapes (3.97 2.67 gC m⁻² yr⁻²). This extensive spatial analysis indicates that hydroclimate is a dominant driver of forest regrowth and that responses can be highly nonlinear depending upon local climate conditions. Differences in silvicultural treatment also strongly controlled rates of regrowth within hydroclimatic settings; microclimates produced by shelterwood treatments maximized regrowth in dry landscapes whereas regrowth following clearcutting was among the fastest in wet landscapes due to enhanced energy availability. Conversely, commercial thinning regrowth rates were insensitive to hydroclimate and relatively consistent across the western U.S. Planting had a differential effect on forest structure and rates of regrowth across hydroclimate with negative effects in wet environments and positive effects in dry environments. In aggregate, this study provides a novel remote sensing approach for characterizing forest regrowth dynamics across climatic gradients and the common treatment options employed.

森林受到一系列管理实践的影响，但尚不清楚在区域气候和复杂地形产生的异质水分梯度中，哪种森林再生速度最快。我们以 30 m 的分辨率分析了美国西部 26 069 个单独造林处理（林分）在 27 年内的卫星衍生净初级生产力 (NPP) 的恢复率。与干燥景观（3.97 2.67 gC m ^-）相比，年度气候缺水量较低（8.59 5.07 gC m ^-2 yr ^-2，四分位间距中值）的湿地景观中的 NPP 恢复率和森林再生率平均高 116% ²年^-2）。这种广泛的空间分析表明，水文气候是森林再生的主要驱动力，而且响应可能是高度非线性的，具体取决于当地的气候条件。造林处理的差异也有力地控制了水文气候环境中的再生速度；由防护林处理产生的微气候最大限度地提高了干燥景观中的再生长，而由于提高了能源可用性，伐木后的再生长在潮湿景观中是最快的。相反，商业间伐再生率对水文气候不敏感，并且在美国西部相对一致。种植对森林结构和水文气候的再生率有不同的影响，在潮湿环境中产生负面影响，在干燥环境中产生积极影响。合计，