Rolling bearings are widely used in spindle systems, and are usually arranged in pairs for higher running accuracy. Spalling often occurs on the outer ring of rolling bearings, and the impact of double spalling located on a single bearing is quite different from that of spalling on both bearings. This paper proposes a method for localizing double spalling based on radiated sound signals. A model of the sound radiation produced by spalling is established, and the sound signals are analyzed in the time and frequency domains. The numerical simulation and experimental results show that double spalling can be detected through the appearance of corresponding frequency components, and the relative spalling positions can be distinguished through the time–delay ratio (TDR) between the impacts in the time-domain signal. When spalling takes place on the same bearing, the distances to the sources of the impact sounds are different, compared to spalling on different bearings, leading to significant differences in the TDRs of the time domain signal. Impacts from different spalling locations can be distinguished from the time domain signal, and the double spalling localization can be realized through TDR matching. The method provides a new approach for accurate fault localization, which is helpful for the operation and maintenance of spindle systems.

滚动轴承广泛用于主轴系统，通常成对布置以提高运行精度。滚动轴承的外圈经常发生剥落，位于单个轴承上的双重剥落的影响与两个轴承剥落的影响大不相同。本文提出了一种基于辐射声信号的双剥落定位方法。建立了剥落产生的声辐射模型，并对声信号进行了时域和频域分析。数值模拟和实验结果表明，可以通过相应频率分量的出现来检测双剥落，并且可以通过时域信号中冲击之间的时延比（TDR）区分相对剥落位置。当剥落发生在同一轴承上时，与不同轴承上的剥落相比，到撞击声源的距离不同，导致时域信号的 TDR 存在显着差异。时域信号可以区分不同剥落位置的影响，通过TDR匹配实现双重剥落定位。该方法为准确定位故障提供了一种新方法，有助于主轴系统的运行和维护。并且可以通过TDR匹配实现双剥落定位。该方法为准确定位故障提供了一种新方法，有助于主轴系统的运行和维护。并且可以通过TDR匹配实现双剥落定位。该方法为准确定位故障提供了一种新方法，有助于主轴系统的运行和维护。