Dynamic stability is significantly important for flying quality evaluation and control system design of the advanced aircraft, and it should be considered in the initial aerodynamic design process. However, most of the conventional aerodynamic optimizations only focus on static performances and the dynamic motion has never been included. In this study, a new optimization method considering both dynamic stability and general lift-to-drag ratio performance has been developed. First, the longitudinal combined dynamic derivative based on the small amplitude oscillation method is calculated. Then, combined with the PSO (particle swarm optimization) algorithm, a dynamic stability derivative that must not be decreased is added to the constraints of optimization and the lift-drag ratio is chosen as the optimization objective. Finally, a new aerodynamic optimization method can be built. We take NACA0012 as an example to validate this method. The results show that the dynamic derivative calculation method is effective and conventional optimization design can significantly improve the lift-drag ratio. However, the dynamic stability is enormously changed at the same time. By contrast, the new optimization method can improve the lift-drag performance while maintaining the dynamic stability.

中文翻译：

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一种考虑动态稳定性的气动优化新方法

动态稳定性对于先进飞机的飞行质量评价和控制系统设计具有重要意义，应在初始气动设计过程中予以考虑。然而，大多数传统的空气动力学优化只关注静态性能，从未包括动态运动。在这项研究中，开发了一种同时考虑动态稳定性和一般升阻比性能的新优化方法。首先，计算基于小振幅振荡方法的纵向组合动态导数。然后结合PSO（Particle swarm optimization）算法，在优化约束中加入一个不得减少的动态稳定性导数，并选择升阻比作为优化目标。最后，可以建立一种新的空气动力学优化方法。我们以NACA0012为例来验证该方法。结果表明，动力导数计算方法是有效的，常规优化设计可以显着提高升阻比。但是，同时动态稳定性发生了巨大变化。相比之下，新的优化方法可以在保持动态稳定性的同时提高升阻性能。