A common deviation from typical subduction models occurs when thrust sheets of oceanic crust and upper-mantle rocks are emplaced over more buoyant continental lithosphere. The archetypal example of ophiolite obduction is the Semail ophiolite in the United Arab Emirates (UAE)-Oman orogenic belt, formed and obducted onto the Arabian continental margin during the Late Cretaceous. The Strait of Hormuz syntaxis, the northern extent of the UAE-Oman mountains, marks the transition from ocean-continent convergence in the Gulf of Oman to continental collision along the Zagros Mountains. Based on new seismic data from a focused recording network, we infer continental crustal and mantle deformation in the northeastern corner of the Arabian plate (including the southern Zagros and the UAE-Oman mountains), using observations from anisotropic tomography and shear-wave splitting (SWS) measurements. We recover a change of ∼90° (from approximately WNW to nearly NS) in the axis of fast-anisotropic orientations in the crust from the Zagros to the UAE-Oman mountain belt, consistent with the dominant strike of the orogenic belts. We also find evidence in our SWS parameters for localized fossil deformation in the lithospheric mantle underlying the UAE-Oman mountain range, possibly related to stress-induced tectonism triggered by north-east oriented underthrusting of the proto-Arabian continental margin beneath the overriding Semail ophiolite. Shear-wave-splitting anisotropy orientations along two transects across the northern Musandam peninsula, averaging 15° anticlockwise from the north, provide the first geophysical verification of previous geological evidence that suggests a NE polarity of the Late Cretaceous Oman subduction zone system.

中文翻译：

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地壳和地幔变形继承自 Semail 蛇绿岩（阿曼）和大陆碰撞（Zagros）

当大洋地壳和上地幔岩石的逆冲片被置于浮力更大的大陆岩石圈之上时，就会出现与典型俯冲模型的普遍偏差。蛇绿岩外倾的典型例子是阿拉伯联合酋长国 (UAE)-阿曼造山带中的 Semail 蛇绿岩，在晚白垩世形成并外倾到阿拉伯大陆边缘。霍尔木兹海峡是阿联酋-阿曼山脉的北部，标志着从阿曼湾的海陆交汇过渡到沿扎格罗斯山脉的大陆碰撞。根据来自聚焦记录网络的新地震数据，我们推断阿拉伯板块东北角（包括扎格罗斯南部和阿联酋-阿曼山脉）的大陆地壳和地幔变形，使用来自各向异性断层扫描和剪切波分裂 (SWS) 测量的观察结果。我们在从扎格罗斯到阿联酋-阿曼山脉的地壳快速各向异性方向轴上恢复了约 90°（从大约 WNW 到接近 NS）的变化，这与造山带的主导走向一致。我们还在我们的 SWS 参数中发现了阿联酋-阿曼山脉下方岩石圈地幔局部化石变形的证据，这可能与由覆盖的 Semail 蛇绿岩下方的原始阿拉伯大陆边缘的东北方向下冲引发的应力诱发构造作用有关. 沿着穆桑达姆半岛北部的两条横断面的剪切波分裂各向异性方向，从北面逆时针平均 15°，