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Geochemistry of deep Tunguska Basin sills, Siberian Traps: correlations and potential implications for the end-Permian environmental crisis
Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-08 , DOI: 10.1007/s00410-021-01807-3
S. Callegaro , H. H. Svensen , E. R. Neumann , A. G. Polozov , D. A. Jerram , F. M. Deegan , S. Planke , O. V. Shiganova , N. A. Ivanova , N. V. Melnikov

A vast portion of the plumbing system of the Siberian Traps Large Igneous Province (STLIP) is emplaced in the Tunguska Basin, where borehole data reveal ubiquitous and abundant sills with great lateral extension. These intrusions intersect Cambrian–Ordovician evaporite, carbonate and siliciclastic series, and locally coal-bearing Permian host rocks, with a high potential for thermogenic gas generation. Here we present new geochemical data from 71 magmatic and 4 sedimentary rock samples from the Tunguska Basin center and periphery, recovered from 15 deep sills intercepted by boreholes. The studied samples are all low-Ti basalt and basaltic andesites, confirming absence of high-Ti and alkaline STLIP magmatism in the Tunguska Basin. The sills derive from picritic parental melts produced by extensive melting of a mantle source with recycled crustal components below a thinned lithosphere (50–60 km), within the spinel stability field. The mantle source was dominantly peridotitic, with enriched pyroxenitic domains formed by recycled lower crust, in agreement with previous models for the main tholeiitic STLIP phase. Limited amounts (up to 5%) of highly radiogenic granitoids or moderately radiogenic metapelites were assimilated in upper crustal magma reservoirs. After emplacement, sills intruded in Cambrian evaporites assimilated marlstones and interacted with the evaporitic host rocks, probably via fluids and brines. This is the first time that such process is described in subvolcanic rocks from all across the volcanic basin. The sills are correlated geochemically with the established chemostratigraphy for the on-craton STLIP lava piles and intrusions (Norilsk region). Sills correlated with the Morongovsky–Mokulaevsky Fm. and the Norilsk-type intrusions are the most voluminous, present all across the central Tunguska Basin, and bear the strongest evidence of interaction with evaporites. Massive discharge of thermogenic volatiles is suggested by explosive pipes and hydrothermal vent structures throughout the Tunguska Basin. We propose that this voluminous pulse of magmatism is a good candidate for the hitherto unidentified early intrusive phase of the STLIP, and may link the deep Tunguska basin sills to the end-Permian environmental crisis.



中文翻译:

通古斯盆地深部的地球化学,西伯利亚圈闭:二叠纪末期环境危机的相关性和潜在影响

西伯利亚圈闭大型火成岩省 (STLIP) 的大部分管道系统位于通古斯盆地,在那里钻孔数据显示无处不在和丰富的具有巨大横向延伸的基石。这些侵入体与寒武纪-奥陶纪蒸发岩、碳酸盐岩和硅质碎屑岩系列以及局部含煤二叠纪主岩相交,具有很高的产热气潜力。在这里,我们展示了来自通古斯盆地中心和外围的 71 个岩浆和 4 个沉积岩样品的新地球化学数据,这些样品是从钻孔截获的 15 个深基岩中恢复的。研究的样品都是低钛玄武岩和玄武安山岩,证实通古斯卡盆地不存在高钛和碱性 STLIP 岩浆作用。这些岩床源自尖晶石稳定场内的地幔源与变薄的岩石圈(50-60 公里)下方的再循环地壳成分的广泛熔化所产生的苦味质母熔体。地幔源主要是橄榄岩,由再循环的下地壳形成富集的辉石岩域,与先前拉斑岩 STLIP 相的模型一致。在上地壳岩浆储层中同化了数量有限(高达 5%)的高辐射花岗岩类或中等辐射成因的变泥质岩。就位后,侵入寒武系蒸发岩中的基岩同化了泥灰岩,并可能通过流体和卤水与蒸发主岩相互作用。这是第一次在整个火山盆地的亚火山岩中描述这种过程。这些基岩与已建立的克拉通 STLIP 熔岩堆和侵入体(诺里尔斯克地区)的化学地层学相关。Sills 与 Morongovsky-Mokulaevsky Fm 相关。和诺里尔斯克型侵入体是最庞大的,存在于整个通古斯盆地中部,并具有与蒸发岩相互作用的最强证据。整个通古斯盆地的爆炸性管道和热液喷口结构表明产热挥发物大量排放。我们认为,这种巨大的岩浆作用脉冲是迄今为止尚未确定的 STLIP 早期侵入阶段的一个很好的候选者,并且可能将深部通古斯盆地基岩与二叠纪末环境危机联系起来。Sills 与 Morongovsky-Mokulaevsky Fm 相关。和诺里尔斯克型侵入体是最庞大的,存在于整个通古斯盆地中部,并具有与蒸发岩相互作用的最强证据。整个通古斯盆地的爆炸性管道和热液喷口结构表明产热挥发物大量排放。我们认为,这种巨大的岩浆作用脉冲是迄今为止尚未确定的 STLIP 早期侵入阶段的一个很好的候选者,并且可能将深部通古斯盆地基岩与二叠纪末环境危机联系起来。Sills 与 Morongovsky-Mokulaevsky Fm 相关。和诺里尔斯克型侵入体是最庞大的,存在于整个通古斯盆地中部,并具有与蒸发岩相互作用的最有力证据。整个通古斯盆地的爆炸性管道和热液喷口结构表明产热挥发物大量排放。我们认为,这种巨大的岩浆作用脉冲是迄今为止尚未确定的 STLIP 早期侵入阶段的一个很好的候选者,并且可能将深部通古斯盆地基岩与二叠纪末环境危机联系起来。整个通古斯盆地的爆炸性管道和热液喷口结构表明产热挥发物大量排放。我们认为,这种巨大的岩浆作用脉冲是迄今为止尚未确定的 STLIP 早期侵入阶段的一个很好的候选者,并且可能将深部通古斯盆地基岩与二叠纪末环境危机联系起来。整个通古斯盆地的爆炸性管道和热液喷口结构表明产热挥发物大量排放。我们认为,这种巨大的岩浆作用脉冲是迄今为止尚未确定的 STLIP 早期侵入阶段的一个很好的候选者,并且可能将深部通古斯盆地基岩与二叠纪末环境危机联系起来。

更新日期:2021-06-08
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