Building empirical equations is an effective way to link the acoustic and physical properties of sediments. These equations play an important role in the prediction of sediments sound speeds required in underwater acoustics. Although many empirical equations coupling acoustic and physical properties have been developed over the past few decades, further confirmation of their applicability by obtaining large amounts of data, especially for equations based on in situ acoustic measurement techniques, is required. A sediment acoustic survey in the South Yellow Sea from 2009 to 2010 revealed statistical relationships between the in situ sound speed and sediment physical properties. To improve the comparability of these relationships with existing empirical equations, the present study calculated the ratio of the in situ sediment sound speed to the bottom seawater sound speed, and established the relationships between the sound speed ratio and the mean grain size, density and porosity of the sediment. The sound speed of seawater at in situ measurement stations was calculated using a perennially averaged seawater sound speed map by an interpolation method. Moreover, empirical relations between the index of impedance and the sound speed and the physical properties were established. The results confirmed that the existing empirical equations between the in situ sound speed ratio and the density and porosity have general suitability for application. This study also considered that a multiple-parameter equation coupling the sound speed ratio to both the porosity and the mean grain size may be more useful for predicting the sound speed than an equation coupling the sound speed ratio to the mean grain size.

建立经验方程是将沉积物的声学和物理特性联系起来的有效方法。这些方程在预测水声学所需的沉积物声速方面起着重要作用。尽管在过去的几十年中已经开发了许多耦合声学和物理特性的经验方程，但需要通过获得大量数据来进一步确认它们的适用性，特别是对于基于原位声学测量技术的方程。2009 年至 2010 年南黄海沉积物声学调查揭示了原位沉积物之间的统计关系声速和沉积物物理特性。为了提高这些关系与现有经验方程的可比性，本研究计算了原位沉积物声速与底部海水声速的比值，并建立了声速比与平均粒度、密度和孔隙度之间的关系。的沉积物。在海水中的声速在原位使用常年平均海水声速图通过内插法计算测量站。此外，建立了阻抗指数与声速和物理特性之间的经验关系。结果证实，原位之间的现有经验方程声速比和密度和孔隙率具有普遍适用性。该研究还认为，将声速比与孔隙率和平均晶粒尺寸耦合的多参数方程可能比将声速比与平均晶粒尺寸耦合的方程更有助于预测声速。