Microalgal lipids are highly promising feedstocks for biofuel production. Microalgal lipids, especially triacylglycerol, and practical applications of these compounds have received increasing attention in recent years. For the commercial use of microalgal lipids to be feasible, many fundamental biological questions must be addressed based on detailed studies of algal biology, including how lipid biosynthesis occurs and is regulated. Here, we review the current understanding of microalgal lipid biosynthesis, with a focus on the underlying regulatory mechanisms. We also present possible solutions for overcoming various obstacles to understanding the basic biology of microalgal lipid biosynthesis and the practical application of microalgae-based lipids. This review will provide a theoretical reference for both algal researchers and decision makers regarding the future directions of microalgal research, particularly pertaining to microalgal-based lipid biosynthesis.

中文翻译：

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微藻脂质生物合成的调控机制

微藻脂质是非常有前途的生物燃料生产原料。近年来，微藻脂质，尤其是三酰甘油，以及这些化合物的实际应用越来越受到关注。为了使微藻脂质的商业用途可行，必须根据对藻类生物学的详细研究来解决许多基本的生物学问题，包括脂质生物合成是如何发生和受到调控的。在这里，我们回顾了目前对微藻脂质生物合成的理解，重点是潜在的调节机制。我们还提出了克服各种障碍的可能解决方案，以了解微藻脂质生物合成的基本生物学和基于微藻的脂质的实际应用。