The art of molecular computing: Whence and whither,BioEssays

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The art of molecular computing: Whence and whither
BioEssays ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-08 , DOI: 10.1002/bies.202100051
Sahana Gangadharan _{1,

2} , Karthik Raman _{1,

2,

3}

Affiliation

An astonishingly diverse biomolecular circuitry orchestrates the functioning machinery underlying every living cell. These biomolecules and their circuits have been engineered not only for various industrial applications but also to perform other atypical functions that they were not evolved for—including computation. Various kinds of computational challenges, such as solving NP-complete problems with many variables, logical computation, neural network operations, and cryptography, have all been attempted through this unconventional computing paradigm. In this review, we highlight key experiments across three different ‘‘eras’’ of molecular computation, beginning with molecular solutions, transitioning to logic circuits and ultimately, more complex molecular networks. We also discuss a variety of applications of molecular computation, from solving NP-hard problems to self-assembled nanostructures for delivering molecules, and provide a glimpse into the exciting potential that molecular computing holds for the future. Also see the video abstract here: https://youtu.be/9Mw0K0vCSQw

中文翻译：

分子计算的艺术：从何而来

一个惊人多样的生物分子电路协调了每个活细胞背后的功能机制。这些生物分子及其电路不仅被设计用于各种工业应用，而且还可以执行其他非典型功能，包括计算。各种计算挑战，例如解决多变量的 NP 完全问题、逻辑计算、神经网络运算和密码学，都通过这种非常规的计算范式进行了尝试。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了分子计算三个不同“时代”的关键实验，从分子解决方案开始，过渡到逻辑电路，最终是更复杂的分子网络。我们还讨论了分子计算的各种应用，从解决 NP 难题到用于传递分子的自组装纳米结构，并让我们一窥分子计算在未来所具有的令人兴奋的潜力。另请参阅此处的视频摘要：https://youtu.be/9Mw0K0vCSQw

更新日期：2021-07-23

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