Aluminum alloy can obtain good forming effect and strength after age forming. The addition of an ultrasonic field in the two-stage age forming process could have a positive effect on the forming performance and microstructure. In this study, we aimed to combine the ultrasonic vibration and two-stage age forming. The application of ultrasonic waves could reduce the rebound rate of aluminum alloy component. When the ultrasound application time was 6 h, the minimum rebound rate was 40.2%. The higher the two-stage aging temperature with the aid of ultrasound, the lower the rebound rate. Ultrasonic energy shortened the time for the Guinier Preston zones (GP zones) to reach the stable η phases during the age forming process and refined the η phases in the grains. With the extension of the ultrasonic application time, the strength showed a trend from declined to rose, and the elongation increased. The higher the two-stage aging temperature, the larger and coarser the size of the grains, and the strength of the aluminum alloy component will decrease.

铝合金经时效成型后可获得良好的成型效果和强度。在两阶段时效成形过程中加入超声波场可以对成形性能和微观结构产生积极影响。在这项研究中，我们旨在将超声波振动和两阶段时效成形相结合。超声波的应用可以降低铝合金部件的回弹率。当超声应用时间为 6 h 时，最小回弹率为 40.2%。超声波辅助的二级时效温度越高，回弹率越低。超声波能量缩短了 Guinier Preston 区（GP 区）在时效形成过程中达到稳定 η 相的时间，并细化了晶粒中的 η 相。随着超声波应用时间的延长，强度呈下降趋势，伸长率上升。二级时效温度越高，晶粒越大越粗，铝合金部件的强度就会下降。