Flower development exists as a key period in the angiosperms life cycle and the proper development is considered with its reproductive success. Pistil abortion is one of the widely distributed aspects of berry plants and its basic mechanism in Japanese apricot is quite unclear and needs thorough investigation. The present study was carried out to get a deep insight into the pistil abortion mechanism in Japanese apricot using a transcriptomic approach. A large number of DEGs were identified from different development stages of normal and abortive pistils. Pair-wise comparison analysis was performed as LY1 vs DQD1, LY2 vs DQD2, and LY3 vs DQD3 and produced 3590, 2085, and 2286 transcripts, respectively. The Gene Ontology (GO) showed that different metabolic processes, plant hormones, developmental processes, and photosystem-related genes were involved in pistil abortion. The pathway analysis revealed significant enrichment of plant hormone's signal transduction and circadian rhythm pathways. Furthermore, transcription factors such as MYB, MADS-box, and NAC family showed lower expression in abortive pistils. The current study presents a new strategy for advanced research and understanding of the pistil abortion process in Japanese apricot and provides a possible reference for other deciduous fruit trees.

花发育是被子植物生命周期中的关键时期，其正常发育是其繁殖成功的考虑因素。雌蕊败育是浆果植物广泛分布的方面之一，其在日本杏中的基本机制尚不清楚，需要深入研究。本研究旨在通过转录组学方法深入了解日本杏的雌蕊流产机制。从正常和流产雌蕊的不同发育阶段鉴定出大量的DEG。对 LY1 与 DQD1、LY2 与 DQD2、LY3 与 DQD3 进行了成对比较分析，分别产生了 3590、2085 和 2286 个转录本。基因本体论（GO）表明，不同的代谢过程、植物激素、发育过程、和光系统相关基因与雌蕊流产有关。通路分析揭示了植物激素信号转导和昼夜节律通路的显着富集。此外，MYB、MADS-box 和 NAC 家族等转录因子在流产雌蕊中的表达较低。本研究为深入研究和了解日本杏雌蕊流产过程提供了一种新策略，并为其他落叶果树提供了可能的参考。