Determinants of parenting are most often considered using one child per family within a cross-sectional design. In 182 families, the current study included two siblings and sought to predict maternal harsh parenting measured prospectively when each child was age 2 years from child gender, infant temperament, maternal age, maternal educational attainment, maternal depression and anxiety and maternal perceptions of partner support. Multilevel modeling was used to examine between- and within-family variance simultaneously. Mothers reported levels of harsh parenting that were similar towards both children (intraclass correlation = 0.69). Thus, the majority of variance in maternal perceptions of their harsh parenting resided between rather than within families and was accounted for in part by maternal age and maternal perceptions of partner support. Results are discussed in relation to family-wide determinants of harsh parenting, previous literature pertaining to parenting siblings and the potential avenues for future research and practice.

在横断面设计中，最常考虑使用每个家庭一个孩子的育儿决定因素。在 182 个家庭中，目前的研究包括两个兄弟姐妹，并试图从儿童性别、婴儿气质、母亲年龄、母亲受教育程度、母亲抑郁和焦虑以及母亲对伴侣支持的看法预测每个孩子 2 岁时的母亲严厉养育方式. 多级建模用于同时检查家庭间和家庭内的差异。母亲报告的严厉教养水平对两个孩子都相似（班内相关性 = 0.69）。因此，母亲对其严厉养育的看法的大部分差异存在于家庭之间而不是家庭内部，部分原因是母亲的年龄和母亲对伴侣支持的看法。