The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a “zero tourism” situation throughout the world with unpredictable consequences. Several authors analyzed the economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic during the second trimester of 2020, but none of them have specifically examined European Union countries and the joint actions taken to fight the pandemic. Using a case study methodology, this paper presents a literature review of the most up-to-date studies on the impacts of the COVID-19 global pandemic. Secondly, we specify the different public intervention measures implemented by the European Union in accordance with supranational governance theory and stakeholder theory. Finally, we set out the different COVID-19-related public rescue strategies for the tourism and hospitality sector at the individual level (for tourists), at the business level (for touristic companies) and at the destination level (for the European Union countries), from the perspective of stakeholders. The main contribution of our research is therefore to explore the public strategies to rescue the tourism and hospitality sector in the context of the European Union.

COVID-19 大流行在全世界造成了“零旅游”局面，后果难以预料。几位作者分析了 2020 年第二季度 COVID-19 大流行的经济影响，但他们都没有专门研究欧盟国家和为抗击大流行采取的联合行动。本文使用案例研究方法，对有关 COVID-19 全球大流行影响的最新研究进行了文献综述。其次，我们根据超国家治理理论和利益相关者理论具体说明了欧盟实施的不同公共干预措施。最后，我们在个人层面（针对游客）为旅游和酒店业制定了不同的 COVID-19 相关公共救援策略，从利益相关者的角度来看，在业务层面（对于旅游公司）和目的地层面（对于欧盟国家）。因此，我们研究的主要贡献是探索在欧盟背景下拯救旅游和酒店业的公共战略。