During the refining of Si deoxidized spring steel by low-basicity slag, with the addition of BaCO₃ to refining slag, many BaO-containing CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃ inclusions existed in steel, which were with approximate chemical compositions to other CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃ inclusions. Thermodynamic calculation revealed that (BaO) in slag can be hardly reduced by [Si] in steel, which meant that CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃-BaO inclusions in Si-deoxidized spring steel cannot be produced by chemical reactions among slag-steel-inclusion, viz., they were originated from entrapped slag.

中文翻译：

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低碱度渣精炼硅脱氧弹簧钢中CaO-SiO2-Al2O3大夹杂物的形成机制

用低碱度钢渣精炼Si脱氧弹簧钢时，在精炼渣中加入BaCO ₃，钢中存在大量含BaO的CaO-SiO ₂ -Al ₂ O ₃夹杂物，其化学成分与其他合金相近。CaO-SiO ₂ -Al ₂ O ₃夹杂物。热力学计算表明，钢中的[Si]几乎不能还原渣中的(BaO)，这意味着Si脱氧弹簧钢中的CaO-SiO ₂ -Al ₂ O ₃ -BaO夹杂物不能通过渣-钢夹杂物，即它们来自夹带的炉渣。