The international governance of asylum requires states to cooperate to provide the public good of humanitarian protection. The need to establish responsibility-sharing resembles the collective action problem in climate change mitigation. While there is a general consensus on the differentiation of state responsibilities in most environmental agreements, states continuously fail to progress on responsibility-sharing in asylum governance. In this article, we compare the collective action challenges in asylum to those in climate governance and identify the similarities and differences in their characteristics as public goods. We then discuss the principle of “common but differentiated responsibilities” that guides global climate change mitigation and demonstrate how equity principles can be applied to differentiate state responsibilities in the context of humanitarian protection. The subsequent analysis of recent efforts to establish effective responsibility-sharing reveals the trade-offs involved in the design of a responsibility allocation mechanism for refugee protection. Our findings provide important lessons for the prospects and limits of responsibility-sharing in asylum governance.

中文翻译：

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难民保护中的责任分担：气候治理的经验教训

庇护的国际治理要求各国合作提供人道主义保护的公共产品。建立责任分担的需要类似于减缓气候变化的集体行动问题。尽管在大多数环境协议中对州责任的区分达成了普遍共识，但各州在庇护治理中的责任分担方面一直未能取得进展。在本文中，我们将庇护中的集体行动挑战与气候治理中的挑战进行比较，并确定它们作为公共产品的特征的异同。然后，我们讨论指导全球气候变化减缓的“共同但有区别的责任”原则，并展示如何在人道主义保护的背景下应用公平原则来区分国家责任。随后对最近建立有效责任分担努力的分析揭示了设计难民保护责任分配机制所涉及的权衡取舍。我们的研究结果为庇护治理中责任分担的前景和局限性提供了重要的经验教训。