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Kid’s Cage-fighting: It Should Be Banned, Right?
Sport, Ethics and Philosophy ( IF 1.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-07 , DOI: 10.1080/17511321.2021.1933153
Taryn Knox 1 , Lynley Anderson 1
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT

Cage-Fighting, also known as Mixed Martial Arts (MMA), is a combat sport that allows participants to grapple, punch, kick, elbow and knee—a combination of elements from many martial arts. While it is debatable whether adults ought to be free to engage in risky sports such as MMA, the question of whether children ought to partake in MMA is even more fraught. This is for two reasons. Firstly, MMA is riskier for children than adults due to their very vulnerable brains and undeveloped and fragile skeletal structure. Secondly, as most children will not have the capacity to consent to engaging in MMA, the decision falls to the parents or guardians. Hence, there is a tension between the parental right to make decisions on behalf of a child and the right of the child to be protected from harm. This paper begins by assessing the empirical evidence concerning the harms and benefits of kid’s MMA, and note the potential for the evidence to be value-laden. We assess the risk associated with kid’s MMA using a rubric that considers both the likelihood and severity of harm. Despite the lack of conclusive empirical evidence, we consider the harm associated with kid’s MMA to be substantial. The paper then outlines the tension between parental autonomy and a child’s right to be protected from harm. After considering the frameworks of best interests, the zone of parental discretion and a child’s right to an open future, we conclude that parents should be able to allow their children to participate in MMA—that kid’s MMA should not be banned.



中文翻译:

儿童笼斗:应该禁止,对吗?

摘要

笼式格斗,也称为综合格斗 (MMA),是一项格斗运动,允许参与者进行格斗、拳击、踢腿、肘部和膝部 - 多种武术元素的组合。虽然成年人是否应该自由从事诸如综合格斗之类的危险运动尚有争议,但儿童是否应该参加综合格斗的问题更加令人担忧。这有两个原因。首先,MMA 对儿童来说比成人更危险,因为他们的大脑非常脆弱,骨骼结构不发达且脆弱。其次,由于大多数孩子没有能力同意从事 MMA,决定权在父母或监护人身上。因此,父母代表儿童做出决定的权利与儿童免受伤害的权利之间存在紧张关系。本文首先评估有关儿童 MMA 的危害和益处的经验证据,并指出这些证据可能具有价值。我们使用一个考虑伤害的可能性和严重程度的标准来评估与儿童 MMA 相关的风险。尽管缺乏确凿的经验证据,我们认为与儿童 MMA 相关的危害是巨大的。然后,该论文概述了父母自主权与儿童免受伤害的权利之间的紧张关系。在考虑了最佳利益的框架、父母的自由裁量权和孩子拥有开放未来的权利之后,我们得出结论,父母应该能够允许他们的孩子参加 MMA——孩子的 MMA 不应该被禁止。我们使用一个考虑伤害的可能性和严重程度的标准来评估与儿童 MMA 相关的风险。尽管缺乏确凿的经验证据,我们认为与儿童 MMA 相关的危害是巨大的。然后,该论文概述了父母自主权与儿童免受伤害的权利之间的紧张关系。在考虑了最佳利益的框架、父母的自由裁量权和孩子拥有开放未来的权利之后,我们得出结论,父母应该能够允许他们的孩子参加 MMA——孩子的 MMA 不应该被禁止。我们使用一个考虑伤害的可能性和严重程度的标准来评估与儿童 MMA 相关的风险。尽管缺乏确凿的经验证据,我们认为与儿童 MMA 相关的危害是巨大的。然后,该论文概述了父母自主权与儿童免受伤害的权利之间的紧张关系。在考虑了最佳利益的框架、父母的自由裁量权和孩子拥有开放未来的权利之后,我们得出结论,父母应该能够允许他们的孩子参加 MMA——孩子的 MMA 不应该被禁止。然后,该论文概述了父母自主权与儿童免受伤害的权利之间的紧张关系。在考虑了最佳利益的框架、父母的自由裁量权和孩子拥有开放未来的权利之后,我们得出结论,父母应该能够允许他们的孩子参加 MMA——孩子的 MMA 不应该被禁止。然后,该论文概述了父母自主权与儿童免受伤害的权利之间的紧张关系。在考虑了最佳利益的框架、父母的自由裁量权和孩子拥有开放未来的权利之后,我们得出结论,父母应该能够允许他们的孩子参加 MMA——孩子的 MMA 不应该被禁止。

更新日期:2021-06-07
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