Context:

Microservice is an architectural style that separates large systems into small functional units to provide better modularity. A key challenge of microservice architecture design frequently discussed in the literature is the identification and decomposition of the service modules. Besides this, two other key challenges can be identified, including the deployment of the modules on the corresponding execution platform, and adopted communication patterns.

Objective:

This study aims to identify and describe the reported deployment approaches, and the communication platforms for microservices in the current literature. Furthermore, we aim to describe the identified obstacles of these approaches as well as the corresponding research directions.

Method:

A systematic literature review (SLR) is conducted using a multiphase study selection process in which we reviewed a total of 239 papers. Among these, we selected 38 of them as primary studies related to the described research questions.

Results:

Based on our study, we could identify three types of deployment approaches and seven different communication patterns. Moreover, we have identified eight challenges related to the deployment and six challenges related to the communication concerns.

Conclusion:

Our study shows that in addition to the identification of modules, the deployment and communication approaches are equally crucial for a successful application of the microservice architecture style. Various deployment approaches and communication patterns appear to be useful for different contexts. The identified research directions in the literature study show that still more research is needed to cope with the current challenges.

中文翻译：

---

微服务架构中的部署和通信模式：系统文献综述

语境：

微服务是一种架构风格，它将大系统分成小的功能单元，以提供更好的模块化。文献中经常讨论的微服务架构设计的一个关键挑战是服务模块的识别和分解。除此之外，还可以确定另外两个关键挑战，包括在相应的执行平台上部署模块，以及采用的通信模式。

客观的：

本研究旨在识别和描述当前文献中报告的部署方法以及微服务的通信平台。此外，我们旨在描述这些方法的已识别障碍以及相应的研究方向。

方法：

系统文献回顾 (SLR) 是使用多阶段研究选择过程进行的，我们在其中回顾了 239 篇论文。其中，我们选择了其中的 38 项作为与所描述的研究问题相关的主要研究。

结果：

根据我们的研究，我们可以确定三种类型的部署方法和七种不同的通信模式。此外，我们确定了与部署相关的八项挑战和与通信问题相关的六项挑战。

结论：

我们的研究表明，除了模块的识别之外，部署和通信方法对于微服务架构风格的成功应用同样至关重要。各种部署方法和通信模式似乎适用于不同的上下文。文献研究中确定的研究方向表明，还需要更多的研究来应对当前的挑战。