Two-dimensional (2D) molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂)–based materials are of great interest because of their capacity to efficiently absorb electromagnetic spectrum in the visible region. Starting from the structural and electronic properties, this review discusses the synthesis strategies of 2D MoS₂. The major photocatalytic applications of 2D MoS₂ such as hydrogen evolution, pollutant degradation, self-cleaning, photoelectrochemical water splitting, and microbial disinfection are summarized. The mechanistic understanding of various photocatalytic applications of 2D MoS₂ is summarized through schematic diagrams. In addition, this review outlines the methodologies for improving the 2D MoS₂ photocatalysts and recapitulates the research directions in this area of semiconductor photocatalysis.

二维 (2D) 二硫化钼 (MoS ₂ ) 基材料由于能够有效吸收可见光区域的电磁波谱而备受关注。本综述从结构和电子特性入手，讨论了二维 MoS ₂的合成策略。总结了2D MoS ₂的主要光催化应用，如析氢、污染物降解、自清洁、光电化学水分解和微生物消毒。通过示意图总结了对二维 MoS ₂各种光催化应用的机理理解。此外，本综述概述了改进二维 MoS _{2 的方法} 光催化剂并概括了半导体光催化领域的研究方向。