Abstract

Field experiments were conducted in three locations: Arsi, East Shewa and West Shewa zones during 2014–16 aimed at exploring the influence of gypsum on wheat yield and soil properties. Results showed that gypsum application significantly increased wheat yield and affected soil composition. The applied highest rate of gypsum gave significantly higher wheat grain yield (**p < 0.01); and increased soil SO₄-S and Ca²⁺ compared with the control variant (CK) and the lower gypsum rates. With applied highest rate of gypsum, grain yield advantage ranging from 93.3% at Berfeta Tokofa2, to 166.7% at Keteba2 sites compared with CK were obtained. While with applied nitrogen, percent grain yield advantages ranged from 68.8% at Wonji Gora, to 133.3% at Keteba2 sites compared with CK were obtained. The soil variables: sulfur, calcium, calcium saturation and saturation percent also showed dramatic changes after gypsum application. But, the contents of magnesium, potassium, sodium and phosphorus were reduced with the rate of gypsum applied. But, fertilizers urea and triple super phosphate (TSP) application increased soil phosphorus. Changes in soil pH due to gypsum were inconsistent or trendless. Overall, the significantly increasing wheat yield and enhanced soil composition signifies the role gypsum could play in organic farming in the country. However, as this was the on-farm experiment affected by multitude of factors, for proper recommendation and improvement of significance in the variables considered, it is therefore suggested that further works should be installed using controlled conditions and specialized laboratory techniques.

摘要

2014-16 年在三个地点进行了田间试验：Arsi、East Shewa 和 West Shewa 区，旨在探索石膏对小麦产量和土壤特性的影响。结果表明，施用石膏显着提高了小麦产量并影响了土壤成分。石膏的最高施用率显着提高了小麦籽粒产量（** p  < 0.01）；和增加土壤 SO ₄ -S 和 Ca ²⁺与对照变体 (CK) 和较低的石膏率相比。与CK相比，施用最高石膏率的谷物产量优势从Berfeta Tokofa2的93.3%到Keteba2的166.7%不等。施氮后，与 CK 相比，获得了从 Wonji Gora 的 68.8% 到 Keteba2 站点的 133.3% 的百分比谷物产量优势。施用石膏后，土壤变量：硫、钙、钙饱和度和饱和度百分比也显示出显着变化。但是，镁、钾、钠和磷的含量随着石膏用量的增加而降低。但是，肥料尿素和三重过磷酸钙 (TSP) 的施用增加了土壤磷。由石膏引起的土壤 pH 值变化不一致或无趋势。总体，小麦产量的显着增加和土壤成分的增强表明石膏可以在该国的有机农业中发挥作用。然而，由于这是受多种因素影响的农场实验，为了适当推荐和改进所考虑变量的重要性，因此建议应使用受控条件和专业实验室技术进行进一步的工作。