Severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) invades host cells by interacting with receptors/coreceptors, as well as with other cofactors, via its spike (S) protein that further mediates fusion between viral and cellular membranes. The host membrane protein, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), is the major receptor for SARS-CoV-2 and is a crucial determinant for cross-species transmission. In addition, some auxiliary receptors and cofactors are also involved that expand the host/tissue tropism of SARS-CoV-2. After receptor engagement, specific proteases are required that cleave the S protein and trigger its fusogenic activity. Here we discuss the recent advances in understanding the molecular events during SARS-CoV-2 entry which will contribute to developing vaccines and therapeutics.

严重急性呼吸综合征病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 通过与受体/辅助受体以及其他辅助因子相互作用，通过其刺突 (S) 蛋白进一步介导病毒和细胞膜之间的融合，从而侵入宿主细胞。宿主膜蛋白血管紧张素转换酶 2 (ACE2) 是 SARS-CoV-2 的主要受体，也是跨物种传播的关键决定因素。此外，还涉及一些辅助受体和辅助因子，扩大了 SARS-CoV-2 的宿主/组织向性。受体结合后，需要特定的蛋白酶来裂解 S 蛋白并触发其融合活性。在这里，我们讨论了解 SARS-CoV-2 进入过程中分子事件的最新进展，这将有助于开发疫苗和治疗方法。