The catalytic effect of mineral components (K, Ca, Mg and Na), after pre-treatment by water leaching and adding NaCl, was evaluated in fast pyrolysis with the biomass of four types of agricultural waste (olive pomace, nutshell, almond shell, and pistachio shell). Water leaching proved to be effective at reducing mineral content in the raw materials, especially in terms of removing K. As a consequence, there was lower decarboxylation activity during fast pyrolysis, and a lower yield of phenolic compounds was obtained. The effect of adding NaCl was evaluated by varying its ratio in the blend (1, 3 and 5 wt%) and it promoted cracking and dehydration reactions, favoring the formation of light molecular-weight compounds as carboxylic acids. © 2021 The Authors. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining published by Society of Industrial Chemistry and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

中文翻译：

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碱金属和碱土金属对农业废弃物快速热解预处理的催化作用

矿物成分（K、Ca、Mg 和 Na）在经过水浸和加入 NaCl 预处理后，对四种农业废弃物（橄榄果渣、果壳、杏仁壳、和开心果壳）。事实证明，水浸可以有效降低原料中的矿物质含量，特别是在去除 K 方面。因此，在快速热解过程中脱羧活性较低，酚类化合物的收率较低。添加 NaCl 的效果通过改变其在混合物中的比例（1、3 和 5 重量%）来评估，它促进了裂化和脱水反应，有利于形成羧酸等轻分子量化合物。© 2021 作者。生物燃料、生物制品和生物精炼 由工业化学学会和约翰威利父子公司出版。