Despite compelling evidence that victimization and offending co-occur, it remains unclear what types of victimization are linked to specific forms of perpetration. Here we examined the relationship between physical, psychological, and sexual violence with respect to influencing variables including mental health, risk-taking behaviors, and coping strategies. Data from 5385 men were collected as part of an epidemiological study on violence experience. A classification and regression tree analysis identified the main predictors of violence perpetration and classified violent offending into high- and low-risk groups. Results indicate that violence is best predicted by previous exposure to violence and polyvictimization. Physical violence is best predicted by prior exposure to physical violence and this is further influenced by the frequency of and the age at which violence was experienced. Drug use was a strong predictor of physical and psychological violence. The latter is best predicted by a history of polyvictimization, the severity and the originator of violence. Sexual violence is strongly predicted by one's sexual violence experience. Other factors such as demographic characteristics are less predictive. Our results may contribute to the development of early prevention and intervention approaches that account for different risk factors. The significance of violence exposure suggest that intervention measures must focus on victims of early and prolonged experience of violence. On the strength of the link between drug use and violence, exposure to violence should be considered in drug prevention and intervention and vice versa.

中文翻译：

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什么决定了男性的暴力行为？基于分类和回归树分析预测身体、心理和性暴力犯罪

尽管有令人信服的证据表明受害和犯罪同时发生，但尚不清楚哪些类型的受害与特定形式的犯罪​​有关。在这里，我们研究了身体、心理和性暴力与心理健康、冒险行为和应对策略等影响变量之间的关系。作为暴力经历流行病学研究的一部分，收集了 5385 名男性的数据。分类和回归树分析确定了暴力犯罪的主要预测因素，并将暴力犯罪分为高风险组和低风险组。结果表明，通过先前接触暴力和多重受害，可以最好地预测暴力。身体暴力最好通过事先接触过身体暴力来预测，这进一步受到遭受暴力的频率和年龄的影响。吸毒是身体和心理暴力的有力预测因素。后者最好通过多重受害的历史、暴力的严重程度和发起者来预测。一个人的性暴力经历强烈预示着性暴力。人口特征等其他因素的预测性较差。我们的结果可能有助于开发考虑不同风险因素的早期预防和干预方法。暴力暴露的重要性表明干预措施必须侧重于早期和长期暴力经历的受害者。鉴于吸毒与暴力之间的联系，