Drought is a devastating factor for crop production worldwide. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to study genetics for some agro-physiological traits in cotton under drought stress. The 13 parental cotton genotypes along with their 30 F1 hybrids were planted under normal and drought conditions. The mean performance of the genotypes was assessed through principal component and heat map analyses. The principal component analyses revealed 53.99 and 53.15% in the first two principal components of variability for normal and drought conditions, respectively. Heat map analysis revealed that three cotton genotypes i.e. FH-207 × NS-131, FH-207 × KZ-191 and S-15 × AA-703 attained higher values for all the traits except for canopy temperature under drought conditions. These crosses may proliferate to further filial generations to identify transgressive segregates for drought tolerance. The heritable differences of F̅1 and mid-parent showed dominance and non-additive gene action under drought conditions. Heritable differences between F̅1 and P̅1 showed over dominance and partial dominance under drought conditions. Heritable differences between F̅1 and P̅2 indicated negative over dominance and partial dominance for all traits under drought conditions. Proline contents and the bolls per plant showed high heritability and genetic advance through additive gene action. Therefore, these two traits can be used as a means of selection in future breeding programmes of drought tolerance.

中文翻译：

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一种新的抗旱棉花品种亲本选择策略

干旱是全球作物生产的破坏性因素。因此，进行了一项试验，研究干旱胁迫下棉花的一些农业生理性状的遗传学。13 种亲本棉花基因型及其 30 F1在正常和干旱条件下种植杂交种。通过主成分和热图分析评估基因型的平均表现。主成分分析显示，正常和干旱条件下前两个主要成分的变异性分别为 53.99% 和 53.15%。热图分析表明，三个棉花基因型即 FH-207 × NS-131、FH-207 × KZ-191 和 S-15 × AA-703 在干旱条件下除冠层温度外的所有性状均获得较高的值。这些杂交可能会繁殖到更多的后代，以确定耐旱性的海侵分离物。F̅1和中亲本的遗传差异在干旱条件下表现出显性和非加性基因作用。F̅1和P̅1之间的遗传差异在干旱条件下表现出过度优势和部分优势。F̅1 和 P̅2 之间的遗传差异表明干旱条件下所有性状的过度优势和部分优势是负的。通过加性基因作用，脯氨酸含量和每株棉铃显示出高遗传力和遗传进步。因此，这两个性状可以作为未来耐旱育种计划中的选择手段。