This paper examines the link between increased trade and regional GDP growth across the regional income distribution in Greece during the post-EMU period (2000–2013). By means of quantile regression techniques, panel fixed effects and system generalized method of moments (GMM), we disentangle the effects of EU trade—trading with generally richer countries—versus global trade—in the case of Greece, mostly trading with poorer countries—at several points of the regional income distribution to identify differences in trade elasticities. The analysis finds that the impact of EU trade is highly heterogeneous and mainly affects negatively the economy of the richer regions in Greece. In contrast, the effects of EU trade display insignificant results for the lower-income regions, attributed to the absence of direct substitution effects.

本文研究了后 EMU 时期（2000-2013 年）希腊跨区域收入分配的贸易增长与区域 GDP 增长之间的联系。通过分位数回归技术、面板固定效应和系统广义矩量法 (GMM)，我们将欧盟贸易（与普遍较富裕的国家进行贸易）与全球贸易（以希腊为例，主要与较贫穷国家进行贸易）的影响分开了。在区域收入分布的几个点上确定贸易弹性的差异。分析发现，欧盟贸易的影响高度异质，主要对希腊较富裕地区的经济产生负面影响。相比之下，欧盟贸易对低收入地区的影响并不显着，这归因于没有直接替代效应。