This paper presents the non-Fourier bioheat transfer prediction methodology of human skin to determine skin burn injury with non-ideal properties of tissue, metabolism and blood perfusion. The dual-phase lag bioheat transfer model with the inclusion of evaporation is developed for the triple-layer skin tissues. The developed models are solved numerically using Galerkin's finite element method. Parametric studies on the effects of skin tissue properties, initial temperature, blood perfusion rate and heat transfer parameters for the thermal response and exposure time of the layers of the skin tissue are carried out. The results of the investigation are compared with experimental results in the literature. The study demonstrates that the initial tissue temperature, the thermal conductivity of the epidermis and dermis, relaxation and thermalisation time and convective heat transfer coefficient are critical parameters to examine skin burn injury threshold. The study also shows that thermal conductivity and the blood perfusion rate exhibits negligible effects on the burn injury threshold. The objective of the present study is to support the accurate quantification and assessment of skin burn injury for reliable experimentation, design and optimisation of thermal therapy delivery.

中文翻译：

---

高温加热过程中皮肤和皮下组织热损伤的数值研究

本文介绍了人体皮肤的非傅里叶生物传热预测方法，以确定具有非理想组织、代谢和血液灌注特性的皮肤烧伤。针对三层皮肤组织开发了包含蒸发的双相滞后生物传热模型。使用 Galerkin 的有限元方法对开发的模型进行数值求解。对皮肤组织特性、初始温度、血液灌注速率和热传递参数对皮肤组织层的热响应和暴露时间的影响进行了参数研究。将调查结果与文献中的实验结果进行了比较。研究表明，初始组织温度、表皮和真皮的热导率、松弛和热化时间以及对流传热系数是检查皮肤烧伤损伤阈值的关键参数。该研究还表明，热导率和血液灌注率对烧伤阈值的影响可以忽略不计。本研究的目的是支持对皮肤烧伤损伤的准确量化和评估，以进行可靠的实验、设计和优化热疗传递。