Abstract

Background

Skin lesions are either caused by COVID-19 disease or they can be due to other driving forces related to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Aim

Considering the fact that the reported data in different articles for the type and prevalence of skin manifestations related to the COVID-19 pandemic are inconsistent, we have described the mechanism and type of skin lesions related to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

In this review article, we have searched the Medline database (PubMed) for the combination of the following key terms "Dermatological Manifestation", "cutaneous Manifestation", "Skin Manifestation", "COVID-19", "SARS-CoV-2".

Results

The prevalence of skin manifestations related to COVID-19 ranged from 0.2% to 20%. The majority of these skin lesions are maculopapular eruptions. The skin presentations related to the COVID-19 pandemic are described below. Traumatic skin conditions such as dermatitis in individuals, especially those with allergies, might initiate secondary to over-washing or rinsing with inappropriate detergents. Also, inappropriate use of personal protective equipment (mask-gloves-shield) can trigger skin lesions on the face and hands or aggravate the lesions of acne, seborrhoeic dermatitis, eczema, etc. Furthermore, cutaneous adverse drug reactions may occur during hospitalization or outpatient treatment of COVID-19 patients. Also, psychocutaneous disorders due to acute stress can trigger or deteriorate several skin manifestations. Moreover, COVID-19 prevalence and course may be changed in patients with autoimmune or chronic inflammatory underlying skin disorders such as psoriasis, lupus erythematosus, pemphigus, scleroderma who are on immunosuppressive or biological medications to control their disorders.

Conclusion

Due to the various dimensions of skin organ involvement and the large population affected, long-term skin conditions following this pandemic can be a lot more problematic than it appears. Serious preventive measures and medical supports are necessary to avoid skin disorders from becoming permanent or even chronic.

中文翻译：

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与 COVID-19 大流行相关的皮肤表现：一篇评论文章

摘要

背景

皮肤损伤要么是由 COVID-19 疾病引起的，要么是由与 COVID-19 大流行相关的其他驱动力引起的。

目标

考虑到不同文章中报道的与 COVID-19 大流行相关的皮肤表现类型和患病率的数据不一致，我们描述了与 COVID-19 大流行相关的皮肤损伤的机制和类型。

方法

在这篇评论文章中，我们在 Medline 数据库 (PubMed) 中搜索了以下关键术语“皮肤病学表现”、“皮肤表现”、“皮肤表现”、“COVID-19”、“SARS-CoV-2”的组合.

结果

与 COVID-19 相关的皮肤表现的患病率从 0.2% 到 20% 不等。大多数这些皮肤病变是斑丘疹。与 COVID-19 大流行相关的皮肤表现如下所述。创伤性皮肤病，例如个体的皮炎，尤其是过敏者，可能继发于过度洗涤或用不合适的洗涤剂冲洗。此外，个人防护用品（口罩-手套-防护罩）使用不当会引发面部和手部皮肤病变或加重痤疮、脂溢性皮炎、湿疹等病变。此外，在住院或门诊期间可能会出现皮肤药物不良反应。 COVID-19 患者的治疗。此外，由急性压力引起的精神皮肤疾病会引发或恶化几种皮肤表现。而且，

结论

由于皮肤器官受累的各个方面和受影响的人口众多，这次大流行之后的长期皮肤状况可能比看起来要严重得多。为了避免皮肤病成为永久性甚至慢性病，必须采取严格的预防措施和医疗支持。