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Understanding and Countering Stereotypes: A Computational Approach to the Stereotype Content Model
arXiv - CS - Computers and Society Pub Date : 2021-06-04 , DOI: arxiv-2106.02596
Kathleen C. Fraser, Isar Nejadgholi, Svetlana Kiritchenko

Stereotypical language expresses widely-held beliefs about different social categories. Many stereotypes are overtly negative, while others may appear positive on the surface, but still lead to negative consequences. In this work, we present a computational approach to interpreting stereotypes in text through the Stereotype Content Model (SCM), a comprehensive causal theory from social psychology. The SCM proposes that stereotypes can be understood along two primary dimensions: warmth and competence. We present a method for defining warmth and competence axes in semantic embedding space, and show that the four quadrants defined by this subspace accurately represent the warmth and competence concepts, according to annotated lexicons. We then apply our computational SCM model to textual stereotype data and show that it compares favourably with survey-based studies in the psychological literature. Furthermore, we explore various strategies to counter stereotypical beliefs with anti-stereotypes. It is known that countering stereotypes with anti-stereotypical examples is one of the most effective ways to reduce biased thinking, yet the problem of generating anti-stereotypes has not been previously studied. Thus, a better understanding of how to generate realistic and effective anti-stereotypes can contribute to addressing pressing societal concerns of stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination.

中文翻译:

理解和对抗刻板印象:刻板印象内容模型的计算方法

陈规定型语言表达了对不同社会类别的广泛信仰。许多刻板印象是明显消极的,而另一些可能表面上看起来是积极的,但仍然会导致消极后果。在这项工作中,我们提出了一种通过刻板印象内容模型 (SCM) 来解释文本中刻板印象的计算方法,这是一种来自社会心理学的综合因果理论。SCM 建议可以从两个主要维度来理解刻板印象:热情和能力。我们提出了一种在语义嵌入空间中定义温暖和能力轴的方法,并表明根据注释词典,由该子空间定义的四个象限准确地表示了温暖和能力概念。然后,我们将我们的计算 SCM 模型应用于文本刻板印象数据,并表明它与心理学文献中基于调查的研究相比具有优势。此外,我们探索了各种策略来对抗带有反刻板印象的刻板印象。众所周知,用反刻板印象的例子来反击刻板印象是减少偏见思维的最有效方法之一,但以前没有研究过产生反刻板印象的问题。因此,更好地理解如何产生现实有效的反刻板印象有助于解决刻板印象、偏见和歧视等紧迫的社会问题。众所周知,用反刻板印象的例子来反击刻板印象是减少偏见思维的最有效方法之一,但以前没有研究过产生反刻板印象的问题。因此,更好地了解如何产生现实有效的反刻板印象有助于解决刻板印象、偏见和歧视等紧迫的社会问题。众所周知,用反刻板印象的例子来反击刻板印象是减少偏见思维的最有效方法之一,但以前没有研究过产生反刻板印象的问题。因此,更好地理解如何产生现实有效的反刻板印象有助于解决刻板印象、偏见和歧视等紧迫的社会问题。
更新日期:2021-06-07
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