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Attraction of florivores and larcenists and interaction between antagonists in Senna rugosa (Fabaceae)
Arthropod-Plant Interactions ( IF 1.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-06 , DOI: 10.1007/s11829-021-09843-3
Ana Carolina Sabino Oliveira , Jefferson Thiago Souza , Vinícius Lourenço Garcia de Brito , Natan Messias Almeida

Florivory and floral larceny are very common antagonistic interactions in nature. Florivory can be especially harmful to species with polymorphisms because it may hinder the transfer of pollen in one of the floral morphs. Flower size is one of the floral signals that can influence the attraction of these antagonists. In addition, little is known about the effects of florivory on other antagonistic interactions. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the natural patterns of florivory and the relationship between florivory and robbery in the attraction of larcenists in the species Senna rugosa. All flowers damaged by florivores were collected for measurement of natural patterns of florivory with aid of the ImageJ software. Florivory were simulated by holes in the base of the petals and photographs and focal observations were made to assess the effect of flower area and florivory on the attraction of floral larcenists. Smaller flowers had higher florivory rates. In larger flowers, the inner part of the corolla and the anthers had a greater probability of suffering florivory. Although the damage caused by florivory occurred discontinuously regardless of flower size, larger flowers presented continuous marks of florivory more frequently than smaller ones. Larcenists visited flowers regardless of flower size or damaged parts. Thus, flower size and florivory are not determinant factors for the attraction of floral larcenists in enantiostylous S. rugosa.



中文翻译:

番泻叶(豆科)中食花动物和盗窃者的吸引力以及拮抗剂之间的相互作用

花卉和花卉盗窃是自然界中非常常见的对抗性相互作用。Florivory 对具有多态性的物种尤其有害,因为它可能会阻碍花粉在其中一种花型中的转移。花的大小是影响这些拮抗剂吸引力的花卉信号之一。此外,关于花香对其他拮抗相互作用的影响知之甚少。因此,本研究的目的是调查植物的自然模式以及植物与抢劫之间的关系,以吸引Senna rugosa物种的窃贼。收集所有被食花动物破坏的花朵,借助 ImageJ软件测量植物的自然形态. 通过花瓣基部的孔模拟花香,并通过照片和焦点观察来评估花面积和花香对花卉盗窃者吸引力的影响。较小的花具有较高的开花率。在较大的花中,花冠的内部和花药有更大的可能遭受开花。尽管与花的大小无关,花粉造成的损害是不连续的,但较大的花比小花更频繁地出现连续的花粉痕。无论花朵大小或损坏部位如何,盗窃者都会参观花朵。因此,花的大小和florivory不是为花卉larcenists在enantiostylous吸引决定性因素S.藿香

更新日期:2021-06-07
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