Toni Morrison discusses the rebirth of the entire Black race through self-recovery. However, her novels are not limited to the identity of Black women and people but are linked to a wider community. Morrison might have tried to imagine a community in which Black identity can be socially constituted. In this paper, we discuss the concept of community by examining communitarianism, which is the basis of justice and human rights. Although community is an ambiguous notion in the context of communitarianism, communitarians criticize the abstract conceptualization of human rights by liberal individualists, but also see that human rights are universally applicable to a community as a shared conception of social good. Communitarianism emphasizes the role and importance of community in personal life, self-formation, and identity. Morrison highlights the importance of self-worth within the boundary of community, reclaiming the development of Black identity. In the Nancian sense, a community is not a work of art to be produced. It is communicated through sharing the finitude of others—that is, “relation” itself is the fundamental structure of existence. In this regard, considering Toni Morrison’s novels alongside communitarianism and Nancy’s analysis of community may enable us to obtain a sense of the complex aspects of self and community. For Morrison, community may be the need for harmony and combination, acknowledging the differences and diversity of each other, not the opposition between the self and the other, the center and periphery, men and women. This societal communitarianism is the theme covered in this paper, which deals with the problem of identity loss in Morrison’s representative novels Sula and Beloved and examines how Black individuals and community are formed. Therefore, this study aims to examine a more complex understanding of community, in which the self and relations with others can be formed, in the context of Toni Morrison’s works.

中文翻译：

---

托尼·莫里森 (Toni Morrison) 中的社区和社群主义：恢复自我并与他人建立联系

托妮·莫里森 (Toni Morrison) 讨论了整个黑人种族通过自我恢复的重生。然而，她的小说不仅限于黑人女性和黑人的身份，而是与更广泛的社区相关联。莫里森可能试图想象一个社区，其中黑人身份可以在社会上构成。在本文中，我们通过研究社群主义来讨论社群的概念，社群主义是正义和人权的基础。虽然社区在社群主义语境下是一个模糊的概念，但社群主义者批评自由主义个人主义者对人权的抽象概念化，但也看到人权作为一种共享的社会利益概念普遍适用于社区。社群主义强调社群在个人生活、自我形成和身份认同中的作用和重要性。莫里森强调了社区边界内自我价值的重要性，重新发展了黑人身份。在南斯意义上，社区不是要生产的艺术品。它是通过分享他人的有限性来传达的——也就是说，“关系”本身就是存在的基本结构。在这方面，将托尼·莫里森的小说与社区主义和南希对社区的分析一起考虑，可能使我们对自我和社区的复杂方面有所了解。对于莫里森来说，社区可能是和谐与结合的需要，承认彼此的差异和多样性，而不是自我与他人、中心与边缘、男人与女人之间的对立。这种社会社群主义是本文所涵盖的主题，Sula和Beloved并研究了黑人个人和社区是如何形成的。因此，本研究旨在在托尼·莫里森 (Toni Morrison) 的作品背景下，检验对社区的更复杂理解，其中可以形成自我和与他人的关系。