The one billion people that currently reside in informal settlements are exposed to a high and daily risk of large conflagrations. With the number of informal settlement dwellers expected to increase in the years to come, more systematic work is needed to better understand these fires. Over the past 3 years to 4 years, researchers have explicitly started investigating informal settlement fire dynamics, by conducting full-scale experiments and numerical modelling research. It is with this background that this paper seeks to investigate the effects of leakages and ventilation conditions on informal settlement fire dynamics. Three full-scale informal settlement dwelling experiments were conducted in this work. The experiments were kept identical with only a small change to a ventilation or leakage condition from experiment to experiment. During each experiment the heat release rates, heat fluxes, temperature and flow data were recorded and are given in this paper. B-RISK’s (a two-zone model software) predictive capabilities are then benchmarked against the full-scale experiments. B-RISK is then used to conduct a parametric study to further investigate the effects of leakages and ventilation on informal settlement dwelling fire dynamics. It was found that the ventilation conditions can significantly affect the radiation emitted from an informal settlement dwelling, and as a result increase or decrease the probability of fire spread to neighboring dwellings.

目前居住在非正规住区的 10 亿人每天都面临着大规模火灾的高风险。随着未来几年非正规住区居民的数量预计会增加，需要进行更系统的工作来更好地了解这些火灾。在过去的 3 年到 4 年中，研究人员通过进行全尺寸实验和数值建模研究，明确开始研究非正式住区火灾动力学。正是在这种背景下，本文试图研究泄漏和通风条件对非正式住区火灾动态的影响。在这项工作中进行了三个全面的非正式住区住宅试验。实验保持相同，只是对不同实验的通风或泄漏条件进行了很小的更改。在每个实验中，记录了热释放率、热通量、温度和流量数据，并在本文中给出。然后将 B-RISK（一种两区模型软件）的预测能力与全面实验进行对比。然后使用 B-RISK 进行参数研究，以进一步研究泄漏和通风对非正规住区住宅火灾动态的影响。研究发现，通风条件会显着影响非正式定居点住宅发出的辐射，从而增加或减少火灾蔓延到邻近住宅的可能性。然后将 B-RISK（一种两区模型软件）的预测能力与全面实验进行对比。然后使用 B-RISK 进行参数研究，以进一步研究泄漏和通风对非正规住区住宅火灾动态的影响。研究发现，通风条件会显着影响非正式定居点住宅发出的辐射，从而增加或减少火灾蔓延到邻近住宅的可能性。然后将 B-RISK（一种两区模型软件）的预测能力与全面实验进行对比。然后使用 B-RISK 进行参数研究，以进一步研究泄漏和通风对非正规住区住宅火灾动态的影响。研究发现，通风条件会显着影响非正规住区住宅发出的辐射，从而增加或减少火灾蔓延到邻近住宅的可能性。