Fusarium graminearum causes Fusarium head blight (FHB) in wheat, resulting in severe yield losses. Further, it produces mycotoxins, which can have adverse effects on human health. This study aimed to assess the biocontrol efficacy of Metarhizium anisopliae against F. graminearum causing FHB in wheat. M. anisopliae significantly inhibited F. graminearum mycelial growth in the dual culture test, resulting in hyphal deformation at the site of its hyphal tips. Similar effects were observed with a 1% concentration of broth filtrates from M. anisopliae on mycelial growth and hyphal morphology of F. graminearum. However, the same was not observed for its volatiles. Furthermore, a 1% concentration of broth filtrates impeded conidial germination of F. graminearum. The colonisation ability of M. anisopliae on wheat roots was validated through eGFP-labelled M. anisopliae strain Ma-eGFP. The positive effects of M. anisopliae on seedling growth and single-spike weight of wheat were recorded. However, no noticeable effect on the 1000-seed weight of wheat was observed. Results from field experiments revealed that treating wheat seeds with the seed coating agent of M. anisopliae and spraying wheat heads with M. anisopliae conidia suspension resulted in a significant control efficacy of 38.6% and 40.1% at the early flowering period of wheat, respectively. These findings suggest that M. anisopliae is a promising biocontrol agent against F. graminearum causing FHB in wheat, and may fight against FHB by producing fungistatic secondary metabolites, enhancing wheat growth, and eliciting wheat defence responses.

禾谷镰刀菌导致小麦赤霉病 (FHB)，导致严重的产量损失。此外，它会产生霉菌毒素，对人体健康产生不利影响。本研究旨在评估绿僵菌对引起小麦 FHB 的禾谷镰刀菌的生物防治效果。M. anisopliae在双重培养试验中显着抑制禾谷镰刀菌菌丝体生长，导致其菌丝尖端部位的菌丝变形。用 1% 浓度的M. anisopliae肉汤滤液对禾本科镰刀菌的菌丝生长和菌丝形态观察到类似的影响。然而，对于它的挥发物没有观察到相同的情况。此外，1% 浓度的肉汤滤液会阻碍禾谷镰刀菌的分生孢子萌发。M. anisopliae在小麦根上的定殖能力通过eGFP标记的M. anisopliae菌株 Ma-eGFP得到验证。记录了M. anisopliae对小麦幼苗生长和单穗重的积极影响。然而，没有观察到对小麦 1000 粒种子重量的显着影响。从现场试验结果表明，与的种子包衣剂处理的小麦种子绿僵菌与和喷涂麦穗绿僵菌分生孢子悬浮液在小麦开花初期的防治效果显着，分别为 38.6% 和 40.1%。这些发现表明M. anisopliae是一种很有前景的生物防治剂，可以对抗导致小麦 FHB 的禾谷镰刀菌，并且可能通过产生抑制真菌的次级代谢物、促进小麦生长和引发小麦防御反应来对抗 FHB。