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Room-temperature plastic behavior and formability of a commercially pure titanium: Mechanical characterization, modeling, and validation
International Journal of Solids and Structures ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-06 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2021.111121
Benoit Revil-Baudard , Oana Cazacu , Elisabeth Massoni

Data on the room temperature behavior of titanium is limited. To assess the anisotropy of the plastic behavior of a commercially pure grade 2 hcp–titanium T40 for different strain paths, in this study both uniaxial tests in various orientations with respect to the rolling direction as well as bulging tests using different die apertures were conducted. Under uniaxial tension, the plastic anisotropy in yielding is moderate, while the anisotropy in plastic strains is very strong. The material also displays tension–compression asymmetry, irrespective of the orientation the flow stress in compression being higher than in tension. The bulging tests data, namely the evolution of the thickness with the fluid pressure complemented with post-test DIC measurements reveal that T40 has unusual deformation and failure characteristics as compared to common materials with cubic crystal structure. Irrespective of the die aperture, instabilities occur suddenly, the reduction in thickness being drastic (snap failure). However, the evolution of strains depends on the die aperture aspect ratio (hemispherical vs. elliptical). The anisotropy of the titanium T40 also leads to a different response depending on the orientation of the material axes with respect to the die axes. To explain these specific characteristics of the behavior of titanium T40 under bulging, two orthotropic criteria were used, one that neglects the tension–compression asymmetry of the material (Hill, 1948) and another that accounts for the combined effects of anisotropy and tension–compression asymmetry (Cazacu et al. (2006) yield criterion). Determination of the parameters involved in both criteria was done using only uniaxial test data. The F.E. results presented show that neglecting the tension–compression asymmetry of T40 leads to less accurate predictions of the fluid pressure and strains at which fracture occurs, and in some cases an incorrect orientation of the zone of localized deformation. Using the Cazacu et al. (2006) criterion, it is possible to accurately predict the sudden occurrence of instabilities, the distribution of plastic strains, and the correct orientation of the zone of localized deformation in both the hemispherical and elliptical bulge tests.



中文翻译:

商用纯钛的室温塑性行为和可成形性:机械特性、建模和验证

关于钛室温行为的数据是有限的。为了评估商业纯 2 级 hcp-钛 T40 在不同应变路径下的塑性行为的各向异性,在本研究中,进行了相对于轧制方向的不同方向的单轴试验以及使用不同模具孔径的膨胀试验。在单轴拉伸下,屈服塑性各向异性适中,而塑性应变各向异性很强。该材料还显示出拉伸 - 压缩不对称性,无论方向如何,压缩中的流动应力都高于拉伸中的流动应力。膨胀的测试数据,即厚度随流体压力的演变以及测试后的 DIC 测量结果表明,与具有立方晶体结构的普通材料相比,T40 具有不寻常的变形和破坏特性。无论模具孔径如何,都会突然发生不稳定,厚度急剧减少(卡扣失效)。然而,应变的演变取决于模具孔径纵横比(半球形与椭圆形)。钛 T40 的各向异性也会导致不同的响应,具体取决于材料轴相对于模具轴的方向。为了解释钛 T40 在膨胀下的行为的这些特定特征,使用了两个正交各向异性标准,一个忽略了材料的拉压不对称性(Hill,1948 年)和另一个解释了各向异性和拉压不对称的综合影响(Cazacu 等人(2006 年)屈服准则)。两个标准中涉及的参数的确定仅使用单轴测试数据完成。所呈现的有限元结果表明,忽略 T40 的拉压不对称性会导致对发生裂缝的流体压力和应变的预测不太准确,并且在某些情况下会导致局部变形区的方向不正确。使用 Cazacu 等人。(2006) 标准,可以准确预测不稳定性的突然发生、塑性应变的分布以及在半球和椭圆鼓胀试验中局部变形区的正确取向。(2006) 屈服准则)。两个标准中涉及的参数的确定仅使用单轴测试数据完成。所呈现的有限元结果表明,忽略 T40 的拉压不对称性会导致对发生裂缝的流体压力和应变的预测不太准确,并且在某些情况下会导致局部变形区的方向不正确。使用 Cazacu 等人。(2006) 标准,可以准确预测不稳定性的突然发生、塑性应变的分布以及在半球和椭圆鼓胀试验中局部变形区的正确取向。(2006) 屈服准则)。两个标准中涉及的参数的确定仅使用单轴测试数据完成。所呈现的有限元结果表明,忽略 T40 的拉压不对称性会导致对发生裂缝的流体压力和应变的预测不太准确,并且在某些情况下会导致局部变形区的方向不正确。使用 Cazacu 等人。(2006) 标准,可以准确预测不稳定性的突然发生、塑性应变的分布以及在半球和椭圆鼓胀试验中局部变形区的正确取向。结果表明,忽略 T40 的拉压不对称性会导致对发生裂缝的流体压力和应变的预测不太准确,并且在某些情况下会导致局部变形区的方向不正确。使用 Cazacu 等人。(2006) 标准,可以准确预测不稳定性的突然发生、塑性应变的分布以及在半球和椭圆鼓胀试验中局部变形区的正确取向。结果表明,忽略 T40 的拉压不对称性会导致对发生裂缝的流体压力和应变的预测不太准确,并且在某些情况下会导致局部变形区的方向不正确。使用 Cazacu 等人。(2006) 标准,可以准确预测不稳定性的突然发生、塑性应变的分布以及在半球和椭圆鼓胀试验中局部变形区的正确取向。

更新日期:2021-06-19
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