The salinity tolerance of 17 breeding wheat genotypes along with three local varieties was evaluated under control and salinity stress (160 mM NaCl) conditions. At the seedling stage, several growth and physiological traits were measured. Moreover, the investigated genotypes were assessed in terms of grain yield across four saline regions during the 2018–2019 cropping seasons. Salinity treatment significantly decreased in the root and shoot dry weights (RDW and SDW), photosynthesis rate (P_N), stomatal conductance (G_S), transpiration rate (T_E), shoot K⁺ content (SK), root K⁺/Na⁺ (RKN), shoot K⁺/Na⁺ (SKN), root-to-shoot Na⁺ translocation (RTSN), and root-to-shoot K⁺ translocation (RTSK), but resulted in increased root Na⁺ content (RN), root K⁺ content (RK), and shoot Na⁺ content (SN). The results of additive main effects and multiplicative interaction analysis (AMMI) also indicated significant differences among test environments (E), genotypes (G), and their interaction effects (GEI). The PCA-based biplot revealed that grain yield strongly correlated with RKN and RK. Furthermore, the correlation among P_N, G_S, and T_E traits was strong and positive and had a positive correlation with RWC, MSI, RDW, and SPAD index. Considering our results, RK and RKN were identified as useful physiological tools to screen salt tolerance at the early-growth stage. According to the ranking patterns obtained by the average sum of ranks method (ASR) and grain yield, we observed that genotype number G5 had considerable physiological potential at the early-growth stage and also responded well to soil salinity at the farm; thus, this genotype can be promoted for commercial production.

在控制和盐分胁迫（160 mM NaCl）条件下评估了 17 个育种小麦基因型和三个当地品种的耐盐性。在幼苗阶段，测量了几种生长和生理特性。此外，在 2018-2019 种植季节期间，根据四个盐碱地区的粮食产量评估了调查的基因型。盐度治疗在根和枝条干重（RDW和SDW），光合速率（P显著下降_Ñ），气孔导度（G_小号），蒸腾速率（T _ë），芽ķ ⁺含量（SK），根ķ ⁺ / Na ⁺ (RKN), 芽 K ⁺ /Na ⁺ (SKN), 根到芽 Na⁺易位 (RTSN) 和根到地上部K ⁺易位 (RTSK)，但导致根 Na ⁺含量 (RN)、根 K ⁺含量 (RK) 和地上部 Na ⁺含量 (SN) 增加。加性主效应和乘性相互作用分析 (AMMI) 的结果也表明测试环境 (E)、基因型 (G) 及其相互作用效应 (GEI) 之间存在显着差异。基于 PCA 的双标图显示谷物产量与 RKN 和 RK 密切相关。此外，P _N、 G _S和 T _E之间的相关性性状强阳性，与RWC、MSI、RDW、SPAD指数呈正相关。考虑到我们的结果，RK 和 RKN 被确定为在早期生长阶段筛选耐盐性的有用生理工具。根据平均秩和法（ASR）和粮食产量的排序模式，我们观察到基因型G5在生长早期具有相当大的生理潜力，并且对农场土壤盐分反应良好；因此，该基因型可以推广用于商业生产。