The expressions for the wave and the phase structure functions of a plane wave and a spherical wave propagating in the natural water turbulence characterized by the recently developed spatial power spectrum (Yao et al., 2020) are evaluated in general and in the limits of large and small separations. The spatial coherence radius for both plane and spherical waves is then deduced. The angle-of-arrival variance of these wavefronts at the collecting lens of the receiving system is also evaluated. In-depth numerical illustrations of the dependence of these quantities on the average temperature/salinity, temperature/energy dissipation rates, and the temperature–salinity gradient ratio are included. Our results are of utmost importance for underwater imaging and sensing technologies.

在以最近开发的空间功率谱为特征的自然水湍流中传播的平面波和球面波的波和相位结构函数的表达式进行了一般评估，并在大范围内进行了评估。和小的分离。然后推导出平面波和球面波的空间相干半径。还评估了这些波前在接收系统的聚光透镜处的到达角方差。包括这些量对平均温度/盐度、温度/能量耗散率和温度-盐度梯度比的依赖性的深入数值说明。我们的结果对水下成像和传感技术至关重要。