This article considers human motor skills based on the concept of the hierarchical organisation of living systems. This concept considers apparently opposite phenomena (e.g. consistency-variability) as complementary and as contemplated in the same structure. The hierarchy in open systems is characterised by three main relativities: (a) whole and parts, (b) control and (c) variability. From a hierarchical standpoint, motor skills phenomena are structured under two levels: macro (responsible for the consistency and configuration of patterns) and micro (responsible for variability and, consequently, the flexibility of patterns). Study findings make it possible to understand how adaptations in the soccer, futsal, swimming, golf, coincident timing and graphic motor skills take place by altering the microstructure (parameterisation) or reorganising the macrostructure (self-organisation). The distinction between these two modes of adaptation allows us to consider the increase of complexity in the motor skills phenomena as a basic feature of living systems.

本文基于生命系统的分层组织概念来考虑人类运动技能。这个概念认为明显相反的现象（例如一致性-可变性）是互补的，并且是在同一结构中考虑的。开放系统中的层次结构具有三个主要相关性：（a）整体和部分，（b）控制和（c）可变性。从等级的角度来看，运动技能现象分为两个层次：宏观（负责模式的一致性和配置）和微观（负责可变性，因此，负责模式的灵活性）。研究结果使得了解足球、五人制足球、游泳、高尔夫、通过改变微观结构（参数化）或重组宏观结构（自组织）来实现同步计时和图形运动技能。这两种适应模式之间的区别使我们能够将运动技能现象的复杂性增加视为生命系统的基本特征。