This study consists of comprehensive investigations on dielectric permittivity (ε′), electric moduli (M′, M″), impedance (Z), and conductivity (σ_ac) spectra over broad regions of frequency and temperature of lead zirconium silicate glass ceramics mixed with different concentrations of Fe₂O₃. The observed increase in dielectric permittivity with the content of Fe₂O₃ is attributed to the increasing presence of iron ions in octahedral positions. Electric moduli plots with frequency (ω) and temperature (T) exhibit dipolar effects. These effects are quantitatively analyzed by Cole–Cole plots; the analysis indicates the distribution of relaxation times. Probable dipoles for these effects are identified and discussed. AC conductivity (σ_ac) shows a rising trend with an increase in Fe₂O₃ beyond 0.2 mol%, and this increase is attributed to the polaron exchange among Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ ions. The conduction mechanism is well explained using a polaron tunneling model in the middle-frequency and high-temperature regions.

中文翻译：

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Fe2O3掺杂PbO-ZrO2-SiO2玻璃陶瓷电导率的介电弛豫动力学和极化隧道传导机制

本研究包括对介电常数（全面调查ε '），电模量（中号'，中号“），阻抗（Ž）和电导率（σ _AC）谱在频率和铅锆硅酸盐玻璃陶瓷的混合的温度的宽广区域不同浓度的Fe ₂ O ₃。所观察到的介电常数随 Fe ₂ O ₃含量的增加归因于八面体位置中铁离子的存在增加。具有频率 ( ω ) 和温度 ( T) 表现出偶极效应。这些影响通过 Cole-Cole 图进行定量分析；分析表明弛豫时间的分布。确定并讨论了这些效应的可能偶极子。随着Fe ₂ O ₃的增加超过0.2 mol%，交流电导率( σ _ac )呈现上升趋势，这种上升归因于Fe ²⁺和Fe ³⁺离子之间的极化子交换。在中频和高温区域使用极化子隧道模型很好地解释了传导机制。