Crosswinds affect vehicle driving stability and their influence increase with driving speed. To improve high speed driving stability, interdisciplinary research using unsteady aerodynamics and vehicle dynamics is necessary. The current demands of faster development times require robust virtual methods for assessing stability performance in early design phases. This paper employs a numerical one-way coupling between the two disciplines and uses a variety of realistic crosswind gust profiles for the aerodynamic simulations to output representative forces and moments on three vehicle dynamic models of different fidelity levels, ranging from a one-track model to a full multi-body dynamic model of a sports utility vehicle. An investigation on required model fidelity was conducted along with a sensitivity study to find key aerodynamic and vehicle dynamic characteristics to minimise the yaw velocity and lateral acceleration response during crosswinds. Transient aerodynamic simulations were used to model crosswind gusts at high speeds. Analysis of the forces and moments showed that rapid changing gusts generate overshoots in the yaw moment, due to the phase delay of the flow between the front and rear of the vehicle. A methodology for modelling this phase delay is proposed. The response of the vehicle was captured equally well by the enhanced model (mid-level fidelity) and the full multi-body dynamic model, while the simplest one-track model failed to emulate the correct vehicle response. The sensitivity study showed the importance of the positioning of the centre of gravity, the aerodynamic coefficient of yaw moment, wheel base, vehicle mass and yaw inertia. In addition, the axles' side force steer gradients and other suspension parameters revealed potential in improving crosswind stability.

侧风影响车辆的行驶稳定性，并且其影响随着行驶速度的增加而增加。为了提高高速行驶的稳定性，需要利用非定常空气动力学和车辆动力学进行跨学科研究。当前对更快开发时间的需求需要强大的虚拟方法来评估早期设计阶段的稳定性性能。本文采用两个学科之间的数值单向耦合，并使用各种逼真的侧风阵风剖面进行空气动力学模拟，以在三个不同保真度级别的车辆动力学模型上输出代表力和力矩，从单轨模型到运动型多功能车的全多​​体动力学模型。对所需的模型保真度进行了调查，并进行了敏感性研究，以找到关键的空气动力学和车辆动力学特性，以最小化侧风期间的偏航速度和横向加速度响应。瞬态空气动力学模拟用于模拟高速侧风阵风。对力和力矩的分析表明，由于车辆前后流动的相位延迟，快速变化的阵风会在横摆力矩中产生过冲。提出了一种对该相位延迟进行建模的方法。增强模型（中等保真度）和完整的多体动力学模型同样很好地捕捉了车辆的响应，而最简单的单轨模型未能模拟正确的车辆响应。灵敏度研究表明重心定位、横摆力矩气动系数、轴距、车辆质量和横摆惯性的重要性。此外，车轴的侧向力转向梯度和其他悬架参数显示了提高侧风稳定性的潜力。