Crop rotations are key agronomic tools to enhance farm productivity, preserve soil, and ensure provision of ecosystem services. Knowledge of the spatio-temporal distribution of crops over regions is essential to characterize rotations at field scale and estimate their impacts on several outcomes. Our objectives were to: (a) determine the diversity of cropping systems practiced in a semiarid region of central Argentina during an 8-yr period and (b) use the generated high-resolution crop rotation map jointly with estimates of soil erosion to evaluate the potential linkage between cropping sequences and water erosion intensity. Temporally aggregated seasonal land-cover maps were used to derive spatially explicit crop rotations during 2011–2018 across a 6,000 km² semiarid agricultural region in Argentina. Soybean (Sy) [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and maize (Mz) (Zea mays L.) defined the major crop rotations of the study area. Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] and peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) occupied minor areas and thus were assimilated into the dominant summer cropping systems. Only seven sequences of summer crops, most of them including soybean and maize, accounted for >90% of the spatio-temporal variability. Soybean monoculture was the dominant cropping system (28.5%), followed by a 3-yr Sy–Sy–Mz rotation (23.9%), and other soybean-dominated rotation patterns. In winter, the prevailing land cover was stubble (96.6%). The generated high-resolution maps illustrate the low diversity of crops in the study area. Mapping the spatio-temporal distribution of land cover allowed for quantification of land transformations and the examination of linkages between soybean monocropping and erosion.

中文翻译：

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遥感土地覆盖图的时间整合，以确定阿根廷半干旱地区的作物轮作模式

作物轮作是提高农场生产力、保护土壤和确保提供生态系统服务的关键农艺工具。了解作物在区域上的时空分布对于表征田间轮作并估计其对若干结果的影响至关重要。我们的目标是：(a) 确定在 8 年期间在阿根廷中部半干旱地区实行的种植系统的多样性，以及 (b) 使用生成的高分辨率作物轮作图和土壤侵蚀的估计值来评估种植顺序和水蚀强度之间的潜在联系。使用时间汇总的季节性土地覆盖图推导出 2011-2018 年 6,000 公里的空间明确作物轮作²阿根廷的半干旱农业区。大豆 (Sy) [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] 和玉米 (Mz) ( Zea mays L.) 定义了研究区域的主要作物轮作。高粱 [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] 和花生 ( Arachis hypogaeaL.) 占据了较小的区域，因此被同化为主要的夏季作物系统。只有 7 个夏季作物序列，其中大部分包括大豆和玉米，占时空变异的 90% 以上。大豆单一栽培是主要的种植系统（28.5%），其次是 3 年 Sy-Sy-Mz 轮作（23.9%），以及其他以大豆为主的轮作模式。在冬季，盛行的土地覆盖为残茬（96.6%）。生成的高分辨率地图说明了研究区作物的低多样性。绘制土地覆盖的时空分布图可以量化土地转变并检查大豆单一种植与侵蚀之间的联系。